Abdol-Hossein Farman Farma

Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farman Farma
Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farman Farma
عبدالحسين ميرزا فرمانفرما
	Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farman Farma
Prime Minister of Iran 15th
	Linggih; 25 December 1915 – 1 March 1916
Ratu	Ahmad Shah Qajar
Kang sadurungé	Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
Kang sawisé	Vosough od-Dowleh
Rerincèn dhiri
Lair	1857; Tehran
Pati	21 Novèmber 1939 (umur 82); Tehran, Iran
Parté pulitik	Moderate Socialists Party
Wong tuwa	Nosrat Dowleh Firouz Mirza; Hajieh Homa Khanoum
Almamater	Austrian Military Academy in Tehran

Pangeran Abdol-Hossein Farman Farma ( Pèrsi: عبدالحسین فرمانفرمائیان 23 Desember 1857 - 23 Mei 1939) iku salah siji saka pangéran Qajar sing paling misuwur, lan salah sawijining politisi paling akèh ing jamané Persia . Dhèwèké lair ing Teheran nganti Pangeran Nosrat Dowleh Firouz ing taun 1857, lan tilar donya ing wulan November 1939 nalika umur 82 taun. Panjenenganipun minangka cucu kaping 16 putra mahkota Qajar Abbas Mirza . Piyambakipun gadhah 26 putra lan 13 putri kanthi 8 istri. Dhèwèké urip kanggo ndeleng papat putrane bojone sing sepisanan mati ing umur.^[2]

Anekdot sajarah

Antarane Cossacks sing ngiringi Farman-Farma nalika kampanye 1912 kanggo Kermanshah minangka perwira sing dikenal kanthi jeneng "Reza Maksim" amarga dhèwèké apik maneuvering pistol Maxim . Iki ora liya kajaba Reza Khan Mirpanj, sing bakal dikenal dadi Sardar Sepah, lan banjur minangka Reza Khan Pahlavi, pangadeg Dinasti Pahlavi^[3] Sawise Reza Khan, pamimpin Brigade Cossacks, dadi terlibat ing operasi Inggris lan ora suwe sawisé kudeta sing diduwèni Inggris, kanggo nyedhiyakake dhèwèké minangka Shah anyar ing taun 1921. Hubungan antarmuka antarané antarané Farman-Farma lan Reza Khan, sing sepisan dadi bawahané, dadi luwih rumit nalika Reza minggat lan mandhiri, pisanan minangka menteri perang lan minangka shah. Nanging, dhèwèké terus ngobati Farman-Farma nganti pungkasaning urip.^[4]

Jeneng lan gelar

Jeneng lan gelar resmi yaiku Hazrat Aghdas Vala Shahzadeh Abdol Hossein Mirza Farman Farma . Iki tegese kira-kira minangka "Kang Mulya, Pangeran Abdol Hossein, Eminent and Exalted One, Paling Great Kabeh Komandan." Nalika surnames dadi wajib, dhèwèké njupuk judhul pungkasan minangka jeneng kulawargane, yaiku. Farman Farma, sing secara barès diterjemahake minangka "pemberi perintah", lan tegese "viceroy"^[5]

Gelar "Farman Farma" ora asal saka Pangeran Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farman Farma. Iki pisanan dianakaké dening pamanipun Hossein Ali Mirza (ca) Farman Farma, putrane Fath-Ali Shah Qajar . Pangeran Furo Hossein, Pangeran Firouz, bakal perang marang pamane, Pangeran Hossein Ali Farman Farma, ndhukung kakangnane Pangeran Mohammad (mengko Mohammad Shah Qajar ) lan menang hak suksesi Pangeran Mohammad. Wiwit patang puluh taun sabanjure, Nasser-al-Din Shah, keponakan Firouz Mirza, bakal menehi judhul Farman Farma ing Pangeran Firouz kanthi rasa syukur marang perané ing konsolidasi suksesi menyang Qajar (Kadjar) Throne. Judul Farman Farma banjur diterusake marang putrane Pangeran Abdol Hossein Mirza, nalika masa pemerintahan Nasser-ed-Din Shah. Nasser-ed-din Shah lan Pangeran Abdol Hossein padha sepupu, nanging Nasser-ed-Din Shah kira-kira telung puluh taun senior. Namung Pangeran Abdol Hossein ngasta gelar "Farman Farma", nalika sebagian besar keturunane nggawa jeneng keluargana sing asal saka judhul bekas "Farman Farmaian" (lit. Sing kalebu Farman Farma) . Putra sepuhipun, Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III, nanging milih jeneng kulawarga "Firouz", sing digawa dening turunane.

Turunan

Benten kaliyan pulitikus Persia lan anggota kulawarga karajan ing wekdal punika lan amargi iklim politik ingkang boten mesthi, Farmanfarma nganggep putra-putrinipun kedah pikantuk pendhidhikan Éropah modhèrn minangka gantosipun pendidikan Persia klasik. Dhèwèké njamin yen dhèwèké kerja keras banget kanggo tujuan kasebut ing saindhenging urip. Minangka akibat mayoritas putran lan putrinipun, sasampunipun pikantuk pendhidhikan kelas kapisan, piyambakipun nindakaken tugas lan peran utami ing saindhenging pamaréntahan Iran wiwit wiwitan abad salajengipun dumugi taun 1970-an.

(Sumber utama: "Pohon Shahzdeh, Genealogi Keluarga Abdol Hossein Mirza Farman Farma", disusun dening Mitra Farman Farmaian Jordan, 1997, Universal Printing, Washington).

Saka Khanum Ezzat-ed-Dowleh Qajar (1872-1955)
- Pangeran Firouz Nosrat-ed-Dowleh III (1889-1937)
- Pangeran Abbas Farman Farmaian (1890-1935)
- Pangeran Mohammad Vali Farman Farmaian (1891-1988)
- Pangeran Mohammad Hossein Firouz (1894-1984)
- Pangeran Nezam-ed-Din Farman Farmaian (1899-1920)
- Pangeran Mohammad Ja'ffar Farman Farmaian (1901-1920)
Saka Mah Bagum Khanum (1892-1915)
- Putri Bodagh Farman Farmaian (1909-2002)
Saka Massoumeh Khanum Tafreshi (1899-1978)
- Pangeran Sabar Farman Farmaian (1912-2006)
- Putri Jabbareh Farman Farmaian (1916-2009)
- Putri Sattareh Farman Farmaian (1921-2012)
- Pangeran Farough Farman Farmaian (1925-2014)
- Putri Ayesheh (Homerah) Farman Farmaian (1928)
- Pangeran Ghaffar Farman Farmaian (1930-an)
- Putri Soraya Farman Farmaian (1931-2003)
- Pangeran Haroun-al-Rashid Farman Farmaian (1933)
- Putri Khorshid Farman Farmaian (1937)
Saka Batoul Khanum Ahshami (1896-1975)
- Putri Maryam Farman Farmaian (1913-2008)
- Putri MehrMah Farman Farmaian (1915-2013)
- Pangeran Manucher Farman Farmaian (1916-2003)
- Pangeran Abdol-Aziz Farman Farmaian (1921-2013)
- Pangeran Abol-Bashar Farman Farmaian (1922-1991)
- Putri Leyla Farman Farmaian (1925-2011)
- Putri Haideh Farman Farmaian (1927-2011)
- Pangeran Cyrus Farman Farmaian (1929)
- Pangeran Abdol-Ali Farman Farmaian (1935-1970)
Saka Fatemeh Khanum Alinaghi (Shirazi) (1900-1984)
- Putri Mahsama Farman Farmaian (1918)
- Pangeran Jamshid Farman Farmaian (1919-2006)
- Pangeran Kaveh Farman Farmaian (1920-2004)
- Pangeran Ali Naghi Farman Farmaian (1923)
- Pangeran Alidad Farman Farmaian (1924-2010)
- Putri Shahzadi Bilqis Khanum Farman Farmaian (1926-1927)
- Pangeran Hafez Farman Farmaian (1927)
Saka Khanum Akhtarzaman Hormozian (1906-1979)
- Pangeran Karimdad Farman Farmaian (1923)
- Saka Hamdam Khanum Talai (Originally Safar) (1913-1969)
- Pangeran Khodadad Farman Farmaian (1928-2015)
- Pangeran Allah Verdi Farman Farmaian (1929)
- Pangeran Tari Verdi Farman Farmaian (1931-1969)
Saka Batoul Khanum Chizar Doost (1909-1997)
- Putri Roudabeh Farman Farmaian (1937)

Njabat ing pemerintahan

Panglima Gendarmerie (1884)
Panglima Angkatan Darat ing Azerbaijan (1890)
Gubernur ing Teheran (1896)
Gubernur Kerman (1892-1893), lan (1894-1896)
Gubernur Kurdistan (1894)
Gubernur Fars (1897-1898), lan (1916-1921)
Gubernur Kermanshah (1903)
Gubernur Azerbaijan (1907)
Gubernur Isfahan (nominasi 1908, nanging ora gelem janjian )
Mentri Kehakiman (1907), (1909)
Mentri Perang (1896-1897)
Menteri Dalam Negeri (1910), (1915)
Perdhana Mentri (1915-1916)

Pranala njaba

Ing Qajar (Kadjar)
Qajars Dynasty^{[pranala mati permanèn]} Turkoman dynasty saka Shahs of Persia
Tha Kadjar Family Association

Sumber lan Referensi

Daughter of Persia, Sattareh Farman Farmaian with Dona Munker; Crown Publishers, Inc., New York, 1992.
Blood and Oil: Memoirs of a Persian Prince, Manucher Mirza Farman Farmaian. Random House, New York, 1997.
Shahzdeh's Tree, A Family Genealogy of Abdol Hossein Mirza Farman Farma, compiled by Mitra Farman Farmaian Jordan, 1997, Universal Printing, Washington.
The Lion of Persia, Mansoureh Ettehadieh, Tŷ Aur Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 2012.

↑ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. kc. 105. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
↑ The Lion of Persia, p.14.
↑ The Lion of Persia, p. 120-121.
↑ The Lion of Persia, p.194.
↑ The Lion of Persia, p.1

Kalungguhan pulitik
Kang sadurungé Mostowfi ol-Mamalek	Prime Minister of Iran 1915–1916	Kang sawisé Vosough od-Dowleh

[1] Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. kc. 105. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.

[2] The Lion of Persia, p.14.

[3] The Lion of Persia, p. 120-121.

[4] The Lion of Persia, p.194.

[5] The Lion of Persia, p.1

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