Masjidil Aksa: Béda antara owahan
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|image=Israèl-2013-Jerusalem-Temple Mount-Al-Aqsa Mosque (NE exposure).jpg
|caption=
|location=[[Al-
|geo=koordinat 31°46'35''N 35°14'8''E
|religious_affiliation=[[Islam]]
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|materials=Limestone (external walls, minaret, facade) stalactite (minaret), lead (dome), white marble (interior columns)
}}
'''Masjid Al-Aqsha''' ([[basa Arab|Arab]]: <big><big><big> المسجد الاقصى </big></big></big>, ''Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa'', makna harfiah: "masjid paling adoh") iku salah siji wangunan kang dadi péranganing komplèks wangunan suci ing [[Kutha lawas Yerusalem]] (Yerusalem Wétan) kang misuwur kanthi jeneng '''[[Al-
Literatur [[Muslim]](Kuran nul karim) nyatakaké yèn [[Muhammad]] diangkat menyang [[Sidratul Muntaha]] saka lokasi iki ing taun [[621 Masèhi]], ndadèkaké [[masjid]] iki minangka panggonan suci kanggoné umat [[Islam]] (pirsani [[Isra' Mi'raj]].)
Masjid Al-Aqsa kang biyèné diarani '''Baitul Maqdis''', minangka [[kéblat]] [[salat]] umat Islam kang sepisanan sadurungé dialihaké menyang Ka'bah ing sajeroning [[Masjid Al
Masjid Al-Aqsa wektu iki arupa masjid kang diwangun kanthi permanèn déning '''Khalifah Abdul Malik bin Marwan''' saka Kekhalifahan Umayyah (Dinasti Bani Umayyah) ing taun 66 H lan rampung taun 73 H. Rada béda karo pangertèn Masjid Al-Aqsa sajeroning prastawa Isra' Mi'raj (Q.S. Al Israa’:1) ya iku nyakup kabèh kawasan '''Al-
Kobongan Masjid Al-Aqsa tanggal [[21 Agustus]] [[1969]] wis nyurung madegé [[Organisasi Konferensi Islam]] kang wektu iki anggotané ana 57 [[nagara]]. Pangobongan mau uga njalari sawijining mimbar kuna kang jenengé "[[Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi]]" kobong nganti entèk. Dinasti Bani Hasyim, panguwasa Karajan [[Yordania]] wis ngganti nganggo mimbar gawéan [[Jepara]], [[Indonésia]]<ref>{{cite web
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== Ètimologi ==
Jeneng Masjid al-Aqsa yèn diterjemahaké saka [[basa Arab]] sajeroning [[Basa Jawa]], tegesé "masjid paling adoh". Jeneng iki asal saka katrangan sajeroning [[Kuran]] ing [[Surat]] [[Surat Al-Isra'|Al-Isra']] ayat 1 ngenani ''[[Isra Mi'raj]]''. Isra Mi'raj ya iku lelungan kang dilakoni [[Muhammad]] saka [[Masjid Al
Sajeroning atusan taun kang dimaksud Masjid al-Aqsa sakbeneré ora mung masjid waé, nanging uga tlatah saubengé yasan iku kang dianggep sawijining papan kang suci. Owah-owahan panyebutan kadadéan ing mangsa pamaréntahan [[kasultanan Utsmaniyah]] (kira-kira abad angka 16 nganti wiwitan 1918), ya iku aréa komplèks di saubengé masjid ingaran minangka ''[[Al-
== Wigati tumrap agama Islam ==
Istilah "Masjid al-Aqsa" sajeroning [[Islam]] ora mung winates ing pangertèn masjid waé, nanging kalebu kabèh Al-
<blockquote>
:Aku takon marang Rasulullah saw. ngenani masjid kang wiwitan diyasa ing bumi iki.
:Rasulullah saw. ngendika: "Masjid Al-
:Aku takon: "Lajeng masjid pundi?"
:Rasulullah saw. ngendika: "Masjid Al-Aqsa".
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Sajeroning lelungan wengi tumuju [[Baitul Maqdis]] (Yerusalem), Muhammad nitih [[Buraq|Al-Buraq]] lan sarawuhé banjur salat rong ''[[rakangat]]'' ing Bukit Omah Suci. Sawisé rampung salat, malaékat [[Jibril]] ngajak munggah menyang [[Jannah|surga]], lan ketemu karo [[Nabi Islam|sawetara nabi]] liyané, lan sabanjuré nampa préntah saka Allah kang ngukuhaké kuwajiban tumrap umat Islam supaya ngayahi [[Salat|salat limang wektu]] saben dinané.<ref name="Al-Mizan">{{cite book | last = Tabatabae | first = Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn | authorlink = Allameh Tabatabaei | title = [[Tapsir al-Mizan|AL-MIZAN:AN EXEGESIS OF THE QUR'AN]], translation by S. Saeed Rizvi| publisher = WOFIS| isbn =9646521142|url=http://www.almizan.org/Tafseer/Volume2/Baqarah32.asp}}{{Dead link|date=May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{hadith-usc|usc=yes|Muslim|1|309}}</ref> Muhammad banjur bali menyang Mekah.
Masjid Al-Aqsa misuwur minangka "masjid paling adoh" sajeroning ''surat [[Surat Al Isra'|Al-Isra]]'' sajeroning [[Kuran]].<ref>{{Quran-usc-range|17|1}}</ref> Lokasiné miturut tradhisi umat Islam ditafsiraké minangka situs Al-
Maimunah binti Sa’ad sajeroning kadis ngenani ziarah menyang Masjid Al-Aqsa nyebutaké: "Ya Nabi Allah, wènèhna fatwa marang aku ngenani Baitul Maqdis". Nabi ngendika, "Panggonan dikumpulaké saka disebaraké (manungsa). Mula tekanana lan ''[[salat]]'' ing jeroné. Amarga salat ing jeroné kaya salat 1.000 rakangat ing panggonan liya ". Maimunah takon manèh: "Kadospundi manawi kula botensaged ". "Mula wènèhana lenga kanggo madhangi. Sing sapa mènèhi iku kaya-kaya wong iku wis nekani panggonan iku."<ref>(HR. Ibnu Majah<!--kutipan buku menyusul-->).</ref><ref>[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/Portals/0/Leaflets/LF_25_CentralityofAlAqsaMosque.pdf Virtues of al-Aqsa] Friends of Al-Aqsa.</ref><ref>Hadith of [[Imam Ahmad]] and [[Ibnu Majah]]</ref>
=== Kiblat sepisanan ===
Sajarah wigati Masjid Al-Aqsa sajeroning agama Islam uga olèh panekanan amarga umat Islam nalika [[salat]] naté madhep [[kéblat]] arah menyang Al-Aqsa nganti patbelas utawa pitulas sasi <ref>Baiquni, Umairul Ahbab, Achmad Sunarto (1996). Terjemah Kadis Shahih Bukhari, Penerbit Husaini, Bandung. Hlm. 293.</ref> sawisé prastawa [[ijrah]] menyang [[Madinah]] taun 624.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Allen |first=Edgar |authorlink=Edgar Allen |year=2004 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0521525756 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192&dq=Al-Masjid+Al-Aqsa |accessdate=9 June 2008 |postscript=<!--None-->}}</ref> Menurut [[Muhammad Husain Thabathaba'i|Allamah Thabathaba'i]], Allah nyiapaké umat Islam kanggo pindhah kéblat mau, pisanan kanthi ngungkapaké kisah ngenani [[Ibrahim]] lan putrané [[Ismail]], donga-dongané kanggo Ka'bah lan Mekah, upayané yasa Baitullah (Ka'bah), sarta préntah ngresiki kanggo minangka papan ngibadah marang Allah. Sabanjuré kaudhunaké ayat-ayat Kuran kang mrintahaké umat Islam supaya ngadhep arah [[Masjid Al
Owah-owahan arah kéblat minangka alesan kena apa Umar bin Khattab, salah siji [[Khulafaur Rasyidin]], ora salat ngadhep watu [[Ash-Shakhrah]] ing Bukit Omah Suci utawa yasa yasan ing saubengé; sanajan nalika Umar rawuh ing kana taun 638, panjenengané ngenali watu mau kang diyakini minangka papan Muhammad miwiti lelungan munggah menyang [[Jannah|swarga]]. Bab iki amarga miturut [[fiqih|yurisprudensi Islam]], sawisé arah kéblat wis pindhah, Kab'ah ing Mekah wis dadi luwih wigati tinimbang papan watu Ash-Shakhrah ing Bukit omah Suci mau.<ref name="Mosaad"/>
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| first = Ghada Hashem | month= February | year= 2000 | work = Middle East Policy Journal | volume = VII | issue = 14 | publisher = Blackwell Publishing | id = ISSN 1061-1924 | accessdate = 17 November 2006 | quote = <!--The holiness of Jerusalem was related to the rise and expansion of a certain type of literary genre, known as al-Fadhail or history of cities. The Fadhail of Jerusalem preserved the traditions of the Prophet regarding Jerusalem, the statements of various holy personages, and the city's popular lore. All of these inspired Muslims to ''embellish the sanctity of the city beyond its status in the holy texts''. The greatest source of information for al-Fadhail was the hadith, the Prophet's traditions, which were beginning to be quoted extensively in the last third of the first Muslim century (the seventh century of the Christian era). The traditions were used to enumerate the values of visiting the city and al-Aqsa Mosque. Circulating widely during the Umayyad period, these traditions were often a reflection of the ''Umayyad policy of enhancing the religious status of Jerusalem''.--> }}</ref> Akademisi-akadhemisi lainnya mempertanyakan keberadaan motif-motif pulitik Dinasti Umayyah, sehingga Yerusalem kemudian dianggap suci bagi umat Islam.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3095122,00.html | title = The opposite of holiness | last = Silverman | first = Jonathan | date = May 6, 2005 | accessdate = 17 November 2006 | quote = <!--After the prophet died in June 632 a series of successors, or caliphs, assumed authority as Islam's leaders. Between 661 and 750 the Umayyad Dynasty held the Caliphate and ruled from Damascus. ''During the time they ruled, on account of various internal and external pressures, the Umayyads exerted enormous effort to elevate Jerusalem's status'', perhaps even to the level of Mecca ... the Palestinian historian A.L. Tibawi writes, that building an actual Al Aqsa Mosque "gave reality to the figurative name used in the Koran ..." As Pipes points out, moreover, "it had the hugely important effect of giving Jerusalem a place in the Koran post hoc which naturally imbued the city with a higher status in Islam." Which is another way of saying, before the Umayyads built Dome of the Rock and Al Aksa, Jerusalem had no status at all in Islam. Israèli scholar Izhak Hasson says: "construction of the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa mosque, the rituals instituted by the Umayyads on the Temple Mount and the dissemination of Islamic-oriented Traditions regarding sanctity of the site, ''all point to the political motives which underlay the glorification of Jerusalem among the Muslims''." In other words the sanctification of Jerusalem in Islam is based on the Umayyad building program.--> }}</ref>
Naskah-naskah abad tengahan, kaya déné uga tulisan-tulisan politis era modhèren, kapara mapanaké Masjid Al-Aqsa minangka papan suci katelu tumrap umat Islam.<ref name=Webster>{{cite book |first=Wendy |last=Doninger |title=Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions |date=1 September 1999 |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]] |isbn=0-877-79044-2 |page=70}}</ref> Contoné, kitab [[Sahih Bukhari]] ngutip [[Abu Hurairah]] saka Muhammad, kang martakaké: "Aja nganti lelungan iku ngabotaké (panjenengan) kajaba menyang telu masjid ya iku [[Masjid Al
== Réferènsi ==
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== Uga delengen ==
* [[Kubah Shakhrah]] / ''(Dome of The Rock)''
* [[Al-
== Pranala njaba ==
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