Blockchain

Blockchain inggih punika catetan kasebar (distributed ledger) kanthi dhaptar rekaman (blok) ingkang mindhak ageng saha dipungayutaken kanthi aman ngantos kriptografi hash.^[1]^[2]^[3] Saben blok ngemot hash kriptografi saking blok saderengipun, cap wekdal, saha data transaksi (limrahipun dipunwakili minangka wit Merkle, ing pundi nodus data dipunwakili dening godhong). Amargi saben blok ngemot informasi babagan blok saderengipun, blok-blok punika mbangun rantai (bandingaken kaliyan struktur linked list), kanthi saben blok tambahan ingkang dipungayutaken kaliyan blok saderengipun. Akibatipun, transaksi blockchain boten saged dipunwalik, inggih punika, nalika data sampun dipunrekam ing blok tartamtu, data punika boten saged dipunowahi kanthi retroaktif tanpa ngowahi sedaya blok salajengipun.

Blockchain limrahipun dipunkelola dening jaringan komputer peer-to-peer (P2P) kangge dipunagem minangka catetan kasebar, ing pundi nodus sareng-sareng netepi protokol algoritma konsensus kangge nambahaken saha validasi blok transaksi enggal. Rekaman blockchain saged dipunowahi, amargi cabang (fork) blockchain saged dipunlampahi. Nanging, blockchain saged dipunanggep aman dening desain saha dados tuladha sistem komputasi tersebar kanthi Byzantine fault tolerance.^[4]

Blockchain dipundamel dening tiyang (utawi kelompok tiyang) ingkang migunakaken asma (utawi nama samaran) Satoshi Nakamoto ing taun 2008 kangge dados catetan kasebar kangge transaksi mata uang kripto bitcoin, adhedhasar karya saderengipun dening Stuart Haber, W. Scott Stornetta, saha Dave Bayer.^[5] Implementasi blockchain ing salebeting bitcoin ndadosaken bitcoin minangka mata uang digital pisanan ingkang saged ngrampungaken perkawis double-spending tanpa mbetahaken otoritas ingkang dipunpitados utawi server pusat. Desain bitcoin sampun maringi inspirasi kangge aplikasi sanes saha blockchain ingkang saged dipunwaos dening masarakat saha dipunagem kanthi umum dening mata uang kripto. Blockchain saged dipunanggep minangka jinising payment rail.^[6]

Blockchain pribadi sampun dipunusulaken kangge migunakaken bisnis. Computerworld nyebat marketing saking blockchain ingkang dipunpribadikaken tanpa model keamanan ingkang trep minangka "lenga ula";^[7] ananging, tiyang sanes sampun ngendika bilih blockchain ingkang ijin, menawi dipunrancang kanthi ngatos-atos, saged langkung terdesentralisasi saha langkung aman ing praktikipun tinimbang blockchain ingkang tanpa ijin.^[8]

Sitiran

↑ Morris, David Z. (15 May 2016). "Leaderless, Blockchain-Based Venture Capital Fund Raises $100 Million, And Counting". Fortune. Diarsip saka asliné ing 21 May 2016. Dibukak ing 2016-05-23.
↑ Narayanan, Arvind; Bonneau, Joseph; Felten, Edward; Miller, Andrew; Goldfeder, Steven (2016). Bitcoin and cryptocurrency technologies: a comprehensive introduction. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-17169-2.
↑ "Blockchains: The great chain of being sure about things". The Economist. 31 Oktober 2015. Diarsip saka asliné ing 3 Juli 2016. Dibukak ing 18 Juni 2016. The technology behind bitcoin lets people who do not know or trust each other build a dependable ledger. This has implications far beyond the crypto currency.
↑ Iansiti, Marco; Lakhani, Karim R. (Januari 2017). "The Truth About Blockchain". Harvard Business Review. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University. Diarsip saka asliné ing 18 Januari 2017. Dibukak ing 17 Januari 2017. The technology at the heart of bitcoin and other virtual currencies, blockchain is an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way.
↑ Oberhaus, Daniel (August 27, 2018). "The World's Oldest Blockchain Has Been Hiding in the New York Times Since 1995". Vice (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing October 9, 2021.
↑ Lunn, Bernard (10 February 2018). "Blockchain may finally disrupt payments from Micropayments to credit cards to SWIFT". dailyfintech.com. Diarsip saka asliné ing 27 September 2018. Dibukak ing November 18, 2018.
↑ Hampton, Nikolai (5 September 2016). "Understanding the blockchain hype: Why much of it is nothing more than snake oil and spin". Computerworld. Diarsip saka asliné ing 6 September 2016. Dibukak ing 2016-09-05.
↑ Bakos, Yannis; Halaburda, Hanna; Mueller-Bloch, Christoph (February 2021). "When Permissioned Blockchains Deliver More Decentralization Than Permissionless". Communications of the ACM. 64 (2): 20–22. doi:10.1145/3442371. S2CID 231704491.

[fortune20160515-1] Morris, David Z. (15 May 2016). "Leaderless, Blockchain-Based Venture Capital Fund Raises $100 Million, And Counting". Fortune. Diarsip saka asliné ing 21 May 2016. Dibukak ing 2016-05-23.

[cryptocurrencytech-2] Narayanan, Arvind; Bonneau, Joseph; Felten, Edward; Miller, Andrew; Goldfeder, Steven (2016). Bitcoin and cryptocurrency technologies: a comprehensive introduction. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-17169-2.

[te201510312-3] "Blockchains: The great chain of being sure about things". The Economist. 31 Oktober 2015. Diarsip saka asliné ing 3 Juli 2016. Dibukak ing 18 Juni 2016. The technology behind bitcoin lets people who do not know or trust each other build a dependable ledger. This has implications far beyond the crypto currency.

[4] Iansiti, Marco; Lakhani, Karim R. (Januari 2017). "The Truth About Blockchain". Harvard Business Review. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University. Diarsip saka asliné ing 18 Januari 2017. Dibukak ing 17 Januari 2017. The technology at the heart of bitcoin and other virtual currencies, blockchain is an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way.

[5] Oberhaus, Daniel (August 27, 2018). "The World's Oldest Blockchain Has Been Hiding in the New York Times Since 1995". Vice (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing October 9, 2021.

[6] Lunn, Bernard (10 February 2018). "Blockchain may finally disrupt payments from Micropayments to credit cards to SWIFT". dailyfintech.com. Diarsip saka asliné ing 27 September 2018. Dibukak ing November 18, 2018.

[cw201609052-7] Hampton, Nikolai (5 September 2016). "Understanding the blockchain hype: Why much of it is nothing more than snake oil and spin". Computerworld. Diarsip saka asliné ing 6 September 2016. Dibukak ing 2016-09-05.

[auto-8] Bakos, Yannis; Halaburda, Hanna; Mueller-Bloch, Christoph (February 2021). "When Permissioned Blockchains Deliver More Decentralization Than Permissionless". Communications of the ACM. 64 (2): 20–22. doi:10.1145/3442371. S2CID 231704491.

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