Kalsium nitrat
Kalsium nitrat, uga dikenali kanthi Norgessalpeter ( sendawa Norwegia ), ya iku senyawa anorganik kanthi rumus kimia Ca (NO 3 ) 2 . Uyah tanpa warna iki nyerep kelembapan saka udhara lan umume ditemokake minangka tetrahydrate . Senyawa iki utamane digunakake minangka komponen ing pupuk nanging duwe aplikasi liyane. Nitrocalcite minangka jeneng mineral sing dihidrasi ing kalsium nitrat sing mbentuk nalika limbah kewan kena konkrit utawa watu gamping ing lingkungan sing garing kayata ing kandhang utawa guwa . Ana uyah sing ana gandhengane dingerteni kalebu kalsium amonium nitrat dekahidrat lan kalsium kalium nitrat dekahidrat.[2]
| Kalsium nitrat | |
|---|---|
| |
| |
Jeneng liya Kalksalpeter, nitrokalsit, sendawa Norwegia, kapur nitrat | |
| Identifikasi | |
| Nomor CAS | [10124-37-5] |
| PubChem | |
| Nomer RTECS | EW2985000 |
| SMILES | [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O |
| InChI | 1/Ca.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1 |
| Sifat | |
| Rumus molekul | Ca(NO3)2 |
| Massa molar | 164.088 g/mol (anhidrat) 236.15 g/mol (tetrahidrat) |
| Panampilan | padatan tak berwarna higroskopis |
| Densitas | 2.504 g/cm3 (anhidrat) 1.896 g/cm3 (tetrahidrat) |
| Titik leleh |
561 °C, 834 K, 1042 °F |
| Titik umob |
terurai (anhidrat) |
| Kelarutan dalam air | anhidrat: 1212 g/L (20 °C) 2710 g/L (40 °C) tetrahidrat: 1050 g/L (0 °C) 1290 g/L (20 °C) 3630 g/L (100 °C) |
| Kelarutan | larut dalam amonia hampir tak larut dalam asam nitrat |
| Kelarutan dalam etanol | 51.4 g/100 g (20 °C) 62.9 g/100 g (40 °C)[1] |
| Kelarutan dalam metanol | 134 g/100 g (10 °C) 144 g/100 g (40 °C) 158 g/100 g (60 °C)[1] |
| Kelarutan dalam aseton | 16.8 g/kg (20 °C)[1] |
| Kaasaman (pKa) | 6.0 |
| Struktur | |
| Struktur kristal | kubik (anhidrat) monoklinik (tetrahidrat) |
| Bahaya | |
| NFPA 704 |
 0
2
1
|
| Frasa-R | Cithakan:R22, Cithakan:R41 |
| Titik murub | Tidak mudah terbakar |
| Senyawa kagandhèng | |
| Anion liyané | Kalsium sulfat Kalsium klorida |
| Kation liyané | Magnesium nitrat Stronsium nitrat Barium nitrat |
| Kejaba ditélakaké suwaliké, data ing ndhuwur kanggo ing suhu lan tekanan standar (25°C, 100 kPa) | |
Guna Kalsium Nitrat
besutPertanian
besutKalsium nitrat digunakake kanggo ngontrol penyakit tartamtu. Contone, semprotan kalsium nitrat (lan kalsium klorida ) sing diencerke digunakake kanggo ngontrol pitting lan penyumbatan wit apel. [3]
Pengolahan banyu limbah
besutKalsium nitrat digunakake ing pra-kahanan banyu limbah kanggo nyegah emisi mambu. Pra-kahanan banyu limbah adhedhasar nggawe biologi anoxic ing sistem banyu limbah. Ing ngarsane nitrat, metabolisme kanggo sulfat dihentikan, mula bisa nyegah pembentukan hidrogen sulfida . [4] Kajaba iku, bahan organik sing gampang dikonsumsi, sing bisa nyebabake kahanan anaerob ing hilir uga emisi ambu. Konsep iki uga ditrapake kanggo perawatan sludge sing berlebihan. [5]
Beton
besutKalsium nitrat digunakake ing set campuran campuran beton. Panganggone senyawa iki ing beton lan mortir adhedhasar rong efek. Ion kalsium nyepetake pembentukan kalsium hidroksida lan mulane nyebabake udan lan setting. Efek iki uga digunakake ing agen beton tahan cuaca sing adhem lan sawetara plastik gabungan. [6] Ion nitrat nyebabake pembentukan hidroksida besi, sing bisa nyuda korosi penguatan beton liwat lapisan protèktif. [7]
Koagulan lateks
besutKalsium nitrat minangka koagulan umum ing produksi lateks, utamane ing proses pewarnaan. Kalsium nitrat sing larut minangka bagean saka solusi mandi. Kalsium nitrat anget dicelupake ing cairan koagulasi lan film cairan tipis dibentuk. Nalika celup pertama digawe dadi lateks, kalsium nitrat bakal ngilangi stabilisasi larutan lateks lan lateks bakal aglomerat ing lapisan sadurunge. [8] [9]
Lelehan uyah
besutKalsium nitrat bisa digunakake minangka bagean saka campuran uyah cair. Campuran leleh khas kalebu campuran binar kalsium nitrat lan kalium nitrat utawa campuran ternary sing uga kalebu natrium nitrat . [10] [11] [12]
Paripustaka
besut- ↑ a b c Anatolievich, Kiper Ruslan. "Properties of substance: calcium nitrate". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2015-06-24. Dibukak ing 2015-09-09.
- ↑ Wolfgang Laue, Michael Thiemann, Erich Scheibler, Karl Wilhelm Wiegand "Nitrates and Nitrites" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.Cithakan:DOI. Article Online Posting Date: June 15, 2000
- ↑ "Bitter Pit and Cork Spot". University of Wisconsin-Extension Cooperative Extension. UW-Madison, Dept of Horticulture.
- ↑ Bentzen, G; Smith, A; Bennett, D; Webster, N; Reinholt, F; Sletholt, E; Hobson, J (1995). "Controlled dosing of nitrate for prevention of H2S in a sewer network and the effects on the subsequent treatment process". Water Science and Technology. 31 (7): 293. doi:10.1016/0273-1223(95)00346-O.
- ↑ Einarsen, A.M.; ÆeesØy, A.; Rasmussen, A. I.; Bungum, S.; Sveberg, M. (2000). "Biological prevention and removal of hydrogen sulphide in sludge at Lillehammer Wastewater Treatment Plant". Water Sci. Technol. 41 (6): 175–187. doi:10.2166/wst.2000.0107.
- ↑ Justines, H. (2010) "Calcium Nitrate as a Multifunctional Concrete Admixture" Concrete Magazine, Vol 44, No. 1, p.34. Cithakan:ISSN
- ↑ Al-Amoudi, Omar S.Baghabra; Maslehuddin, Mohammed; Lashari, A.N; Almusallam, Abdullah A (2003). "Effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors in contaminated concrete". Cement and Concrete Composites. 25 (4–5): 439. doi:10.1016/S0958-9465(02)00084-7.
- ↑ N. C. Dafader, Y. N. Jolly, M. E. Haque, F. Akhtar & M. U. Ahmad: The Role of Coagulants on the Preparation of Dipped film from Radiation Vulcanized Natural Rubber Latex. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering. Volume 38, Issue 2, 1999, pages 267-274. Online: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03602559909351576
- ↑ "Rubbercare - Choice Latex and Nitrile Gloves from a Trusted Manufacturer". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2011-05-01. Dibukak ing 2019-07-23.
- ↑ "Potassium calcium nitrate promising for CSP heat storage – Solar Novus Today".
- ↑ European Patent Application EP0049761: Use of a ternary mixture of salts as a heat transmitting medium and/or as a heat storage medium. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP0049761A1.html
- ↑ WIPO Patent Application WO/2014/044652: Use of a calcium potassium nitrate salt for the manufacture of a heat transfer fluid. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/WO2014044652A1.html