Masjidil Aksa: Béda antara owahan

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Larik 33:
Literatur [[Muslim]](Al Quran nul karim ) nyatakaké yèn [[Muhammad]] diangkat menyang [[Sidratul Muntaha]] saka lokasi iki ing taun [[621 Masèhi]], andadèkaké [[masjid]] iki minangka panggonan suci kanggoné umat [[Islam]] (pirsani [[Isra' Mi'raj]].)
 
Masjid Al-Aqsa sing biyèné diarani '''Baitul Maqdis''', minangka [[kiblatkéblat]] [[salat]] umat Islam sing sepisanan sadurungé dialihaké menyang Ka'bah ing sajeroning [[Masjid Al Haram]]. Umat Muslim ngadhep kiblatkéblat menyang Baitul Maqdis sajeroning Muhammad ngajaraké Islam ing [[Mekkah]] ([[13]] [[taun]]) nganti [[17]] [[wulan]] sawisé hijrah menyang [[Madinah]]. Sawisé iku kiblatkéblat salat dadi [[Ka'bah]] ing jero [[Masjid Al Haram]], Mekkah nganti saiki.
 
Masjid Al-Aqsa wektu iki arupa masjid sing diwangun sacara permanèn déning '''Khalifah Abdul Malik bin Marwan''' saka Kekhalifahan Umayyah (Dinasti Bani Umayyah) ing taun 66 H lan rampung taun 73 H. Rada béda karo pangertèn Masjid Al-Aqsa sajeroning prastawa Isra' Mi'raj (Q.S. Al Israa’:1) ya iku nyakup kabèh kawasan '''Al-Haram asy-Syarif'''.
Larik 89:
 
=== Kiblat sepisanan ===
Sajarah wigati Masjid Al-Aqsa sajeroning agama Islam uga antuk panekanan amarga umat Islam nalika [[salat]] naté madhep [[kiblatkéblat]] arah menyang Al-Aqsa nganti patbelas utawa pitulas sasi <ref>Baiquni, Umairul Ahbab, Achmad Sunarto (1996). Terjemah Hadits Shahih Bukhari, Penerbit Husaini, Bandung. Hlm. 293.</ref> sawisé prastawa [[hijrah]] menyang [[Madinah]] taun 624.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Allen |first=Edgar |authorlink=Edgar Allen |year=2004 |title=States, Nations, and Borders: The Ethics of Making Boundaries |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0521525756 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=bntCSupRlO4C&pg=PA192&dq=Al-Masjid+Al-Aqsa |accessdate=9 June 2008 |postscript=<!--None-->}}</ref> Menurut [[Muhammad Husain Thabathaba'i|Allamah Thabathaba'i]], Allah nyiapaké umat Islam kanggo pindhah kiblatkéblat kasebut, pisanan kanthi ngungkapaké kisah ngenani [[Ibrahim]] lan putrané [[Ismail]], donga-dongané kanggo Ka'bah lan Mekkah, upayané yasa Baitullah (Ka'bah), sarta préntah ngresiki kanggo mujudaké papan ibadah marang Allah. Sabanjuré diturunaké ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an sing mrintahaké umat Islam supaya ngadhep arah [[Masjid Al Haram|Masjid Al-Haram]] nalika shalat.<!-- Templat Al-Qur'an yg valid akan ditambahkan. Naval Scene. {{Quran-usc-range|2|142|end=151}}--><ref name="Al-Mizan"/>
 
Owah-owahan arah kiblatkéblat minangka alesan kena apa Umar bin Khattab, salah siji [[Khulafaur Rasyidin]], ora salat ngadhep watu [[Ash-Shakhrah]] ing Bukit Omah Suci utawa yasa yasan ing saubengé; sanajan nalika Umar rawuh ing kana taun 638, panjenengané ngenali watu kasebut sing diyakini minangka papan Muhammad miwiti lelungan munggah menyang [[Jannah|swarga]]. Bab iki amarga miturut [[fiqih|yurisprudensi Islam]], sawisé arah kiblatkéblat wis pindhah, Kab'ah ing Mekkah wis dadi luwih wigati tinimbang papan watu Ash-Shakhrah ing Bukit omah Suci kasebut.<ref name="Mosaad"/>
 
Miturut riwayat-riwayat sing umum misuwur sajeroning tradhisi Islam, Umar mlebu Yerusalem sawisé pénaklukan ing taun 638. Dicaritakaké yèn panjenengané ngendika karo [[Ka'ab Al-Ahbar]], wong [[Yahudi]] sing wis mlebu Islam lan mèlu rawuh bebarengan saka [[Madinah]], ngenani papan paling apik kanggo yasa masjid. Al-Ahbar mrayogakaké supaya masjid diyasa ing samburiné watu Ash-Shakhrah "... mula kabèh Al-Quds (dumunung) ing ngarep panjenengan ". Umar ngendika, "Ka'ab, Panjenengan wis niru ajaran Yahudi".<ref>Aiman, Abu (2007). ''[http://books.google.co.id/books?id=GaHw7LyPj2YC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Rahasia+Di+Balik+Penggalian+-+Al+Aqsha&hl=id&ei=wIxbTJH-GcfXcfWcsNkB&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCcQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Rahasia Di Balik Penggalian Al-Aqsha]''. PT. Cahaya Insan Suci. Cet. I. Hlm. 67. ISBN 979-1238-54-0. Diakses 6 Agustus 2010.</ref> Sanajan mangkono, sawisé pacelathon iku Umar nganggo jubahé miwiti ngresiki papan sing wis dikebaki runtah lan puing-puing kasebut. Semono uga kaum Muslim pengikuté mèlu ngresiki panggonan kasebut. Umar banjur ngayahi salat ing papan sing diyakini minangka papan salat Muhammad wektu Isra Mi'raj, lan Umar ing panggonan kasebut maca ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an saka [[Surat]] [[Surat Sad|Sad]].<ref name="Mosaad">Mosaad, Mohamed. [http://www.godsholymountain.org/papers/bayt.pdf Bayt al-Maqdis: An Islamic Perspective] pp.3–8</ref> Mula saka iku, miturut riwayat kasebut Umar dianggep wis nyucèkaké manèh situs kasebut minangka masjid.<ref>[http://www.mustaqim.co.uk/ipb-archive/alaqsa/chapone.htm The Furthest Mosque, The History of Al-Aqsa Mosque From Earliest Times] Mustaqim Islamic Art & Literature. 5 Januari 2008.</ref>
Larik 99:
=== Status religius ===
[[Gambar:DecorInterieurDharihSidiAliElMekki.JPG|thumb|right|Gambar ing témbok sawijining omah ing Tunisia, nampilaké telu papan suci Islam.]]
Yerusalem déning akèh kalangan umat Islam dianggep minangka panggonan sing suci, sarujuk karo penafsiran saka ayat-ayat suci Al-Qur'an lan manéka hadist. Abdallah El-Khatib duwé panemu yèn kira-kira ana pitung puluh papan sajeroning Al-Qur'an ing ngendi Yerusalem disebutaké sacara kasirat.<ref name = "Khatib">{{cite journal |last=el-Khatib |first=Abdallah |date=1 May 2001 |title=Jerusalem in the Qur'ān |journal=British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=25–53 |doi=10.1080/13530190120034549 |url=http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=1353-0194&volume=28&issue=1&spage=25 |format=Abstract |accessdate=17 November 2006}}</ref> Yerusalem uga kerep ingaran-sebut sajeroning kitab-kitab hadist. Sawetara akadhemisi duwé panemu yèn status kasucèn Yerusalem manawa kadayan déning tuwuhing panyebaran sajinis genre sastra tinamtu, ya iku ''Al-Fadhail'' (sajarah kutha-kutha); saéngga kaum Muslim sing kainspirasi, khususémliginé sajeroning période Umayyah, ngangkat status kasucèn kutha iku ngluwihi statusé miturut kitab suci.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.mepc.org/journal_vol7/0002_talhami.asp | title = The Modern History of Islamic Jerusalem: Academic Myths and Propaganda | last = Talhami
| first = Ghada Hashem | month= February | year= 2000 | work = Middle East Policy Journal | volume = VII | issue = 14 | publisher = Blackwell Publishing | id = ISSN 1061-1924 | accessdate = 17 November 2006 | quote = <!--The holiness of Jerusalem was related to the rise and expansion of a certain type of literary genre, known as al-Fadhail or history of cities. The Fadhail of Jerusalem preserved the traditions of the Prophet regarding Jerusalem, the statements of various holy personages, and the city's popular lore. All of these inspired Muslims to ''embellish the sanctity of the city beyond its status in the holy texts''. The greatest source of information for al-Fadhail was the hadith, the Prophet's traditions, which were beginning to be quoted extensively in the last third of the first Muslim century (the seventh century of the Christian era). The traditions were used to enumerate the values of visiting the city and al-Aqsa Mosque. Circulating widely during the Umayyad period, these traditions were often a reflection of the ''Umayyad policy of enhancing the religious status of Jerusalem''.--> }}</ref> Akademisi-akadhemisi lainnya mempertanyakan keberadaan motif-motif pulitik Dinasti Umayyah, sehingga Yerusalem kemudian dianggap suci bagi umat Islam.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3095122,00.html | title = The opposite of holiness | last = Silverman | first = Jonathan | date = May 6, 2005 | accessdate = 17 November 2006 | quote = <!--After the prophet died in June 632 a series of successors, or caliphs, assumed authority as Islam's leaders. Between 661 and 750 the Umayyad Dynasty held the Caliphate and ruled from Damascus. ''During the time they ruled, on account of various internal and external pressures, the Umayyads exerted enormous effort to elevate Jerusalem's status'', perhaps even to the level of Mecca ... the Palestinian historian A.L. Tibawi writes, that building an actual Al Aqsa Mosque "gave reality to the figurative name used in the Koran ..." As Pipes points out, moreover, "it had the hugely important effect of giving Jerusalem a place in the Koran post hoc which naturally imbued the city with a higher status in Islam." Which is another way of saying, before the Umayyads built Dome of the Rock and Al Aksa, Jerusalem had no status at all in Islam. Israèli scholar Izhak Hasson says: "construction of the Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa mosque, the rituals instituted by the Umayyads on the Temple Mount and the dissemination of Islamic-oriented Traditions regarding sanctity of the site, ''all point to the political motives which underlay the glorification of Jerusalem among the Muslims''." In other words the sanctification of Jerusalem in Islam is based on the Umayyad building program.--> }}</ref>