Basa Kurdhi: Béda antara owahan
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
→top: éjaan, replaced: dening → déning (2) |
nambahi sithik |
||
Larik 1:
{{Infobox language
|name =Kurdish
|nativename ={{lang|kmr|Kurdî}} / {{lang|ckb|{{nq|کوردی}}}}
|image = Kurdish Language.png
|imagesize =
|imagecaption=
|states =[[Turkey]], [[Iraq]], [[Iran]], [[Syria]], [[Armenia]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
|region =[[Kurdistan]], [[Central Anatolia|Anatolia]], [[Khorasan Province|Khorasan]]
|ethnicity =[[Kurds]]
|speakers =C. 20–30 million
|date =2000–2010 est.
|ref =<ref name="pop">
Only very rough estimates are possible.
[[SIL Ethnologue|SIL ''Ethnologue'']] gives estimates, broken down by dialect group, totalling 31 million, but with the caveat of "Very provisional figures for Northern Kurdish speaker population". ''Ethnologue'' estimates for dialect groups:
Northern: 20.2M (undated; 15M in Turkey for 2009),
Central: 6.75M (2009),
Southern: 3M (2000),
Laki: 1M (2000).
The Swedish ''[[Nationalencyklopedin]]'' listed Kurdish in its "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), citing an estimate of 20.6 million native speakers.
</ref>
|familycolor =Indo-European
|fam2 =[[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
|fam3 =[[Iranian languages|Iranian]]
|fam4 =[[Western Iranian languages|Western]]
|fam5 =[[Northwestern Iranian languages|Northwestern]]
| ancestor =
| ancestor2 =
|dia1 =[[Northern Kurdish]] <small>(Kurmanji)</small>
|dia2 =[[Central Kurdish]] <small>(Sorani)</small>
|dia3 =[[Southern Kurdish]] <small>(Palewani)</small>
|script ='''In use:'''<br/>[[Kurdish alphabets#Hawar alphabet|Hawar alphabet]] <small>([[Latin script]]; used mostly in Turkey and Syria)</small><br />[[Kurdish alphabets#Sorani alphabet|Sorani alphabet]]<br/><small>([[Perso-Arabic script]]; used mostly in Iraq and Iran)</small><br />'''Not used:'''<br />[[Kurdish alphabets#Cyrillic script|Cyrillic alphabet]] <small>(former Soviet Union)</small>
|iso1 =ku
|iso2 =kur
|iso3 =kur
|lc1 =ckb |ld1=[[Central Kurdish]]
|lc2 =kmr |ld2=[[Northern Kurdish]]
|lc3 =sdh |ld3=[[Southern Kurdish]]
|lingua =58-AAA-a (North Kurdish incl. Kurmanji & Kurmanjiki) + 58-AAA-b (Central Kurdish incl. Dimli/Zaza & Gurani) + 58-AAA-c (South Kurdish incl. Kurdi)
|glotto = kurd1259
|glottorefname=Kurdish
}}
'''Basa Kurdhi''' (<span lang="ckb">کوردی</span>, <span lang="kmr">Kurdî</span>) ya iku sawijining kontinum saka basa Irania Lor-Kulon sing dituturaké déning wong-wong Kurdhi ing Asia Kulon. Basa Kurdhi nduwé wujud dhialèk cacah telu, ya iku Basa Kurdhi Lor ('''''Kurmanji'''''), Basa Kurdhi Tengah ('''''Sorani'''''), lan Basa Kurdhi Kidul ('''''Pehlewani'''''). Ana sawijining kelompok basa ajeneng Zaza-Gorani, sing uga dituturake déning sawenèh wong Kurdhi, nanging miturut ngèlmu linguistik, dudu Basa Kurdhi.<ref name="ReferenceB">Kaya, Mehmet.</ref><ref name="belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu">http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Dargin_-_Working_Paper_-_FINAL.pdf</ref><ref name="gulf2000.columbia.edu">{{Cite web|url=http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/images/maps/Mid_East_Linguistic_lg.jpg|title=Languages of the Middle East|accessdate=23 December 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118184312/http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/images/maps/Mid_East_Linguistic_lg.jpg|archivedate=18 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="Books.google.com">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dgDi9qFT41oC&printsec=frontcover&hl=de#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=A Modern History of the Kurds: Third Edition - David McDowall - Google Books|publisher=Books.google.com|date=2004-05-14|accessdate=2012-12-18}}</ref> Sing paling anyar (wiwit saka taun 2009) kajian metara yèn cacahé panutur asli Basa Kurdhi antara 20-30 yuta.<ref>Demographic data is unreliable especially in Turkey, where the largest number of Kurds reside, as Turkey has not permitted gathering ethnic or linguistic census data since 1965; estimates of ethnic Kurds in Turkey range from 10% to 25%, or 8 to 20 million people.</ref> Mayoritas wong-wong Kurdhi nganggo Kurmanji yèn celathu.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Kurmanji|url=http://www.ecumenico.org/article/kurmanji/|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Kurmanji Kurdish|url=https://www.fas.harvard.edu/~iranian/Kurmanji/kurmanji_1_grammar.pdf|accessdate=24 February 2016}}</ref>
| |||