Brunéi Darussalam: Béda antara owahan

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'''Brunei Darussalam''' iku nagara ing [[Asia Kidul-Wétan]]. Kutha krajané yaiku [[Bandar Seri Begawan]]. Nagara iki nduwé padunung kurang luwih 300.000 jiwa. lan jembaré ana 3000 kilometer<sup>2</sup>.
{{Short description|Negara ing Asia Tenggara}}
{{Coord|4|30|N|114|40|E|display=title}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace
| common_name = Brunei
| native_name = {{ubl|{{lang|ms|Negara Brunei Darussalam}} {{small|(Aksara Rumi)}}|{{lang|ms-Arab|نڬارا بروني دارالسلام}} {{small|([[Aksara Jawa]])}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of Brunei.svg
| image_flag2 =
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Brunei.svg
| symbol_type = Emblem
| national_motto = {{vunblist |{{big|{{lang|ar|الدائمون المحسنون بالهدى}}}} |{{nowrap|''{{lang|ms|Sentiasa membuat kebajikan dengan petunjuk Allah}}''}} |{{small|"Always in service with God's guidance"}}}}
| national_anthem = {{vunblist |''[[Allah Peliharakan Sultan]]'' |{{small|"God Bless the Sultan"}}}}<div style="padding-top:0.5em;">{{center|[[File:United States Navy Band - Allah Peliharakan Sultan.oga]]}}</div>
| image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Brunei (orthographic projection).svg|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Brunei ASEAN.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Nuduhake peta Asia Tenggara|default=1}}
| map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=green |region= [[Asosiasi Bangsa-Bangsa Asia Tenggara|ASEAN]]
|legend=Location Brunei ASEAN.svg}}
| capital = Bandar Seri Begawan
| coordinates = {{Coord|4|53.417|N|114|56.533|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = Bandar Seri Begawan
| official_languages = [[Basa Melayu|Melayu]]{{ref label|Melayu|a|}}
| languages_type = Basa sing diakoni
| languages_sub = ya
| languages = [[Basa Inggris|Basa Inggris]]{{ref label|Basa Inggris|b|}}
| languages2_type = Basa liya
<br />and local dialects<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/BN/languages |title=Brunei |publisher=Ethnologue |date=19 February 1999 |access-date=30 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://borneobulletin.brunei-online.com/index.php/2013/10/25/call-to-add-ethnic-languages-as-optional-subject-in-schools/ |title=Call to add ethnic languages as optional subject in schools |access-date=19 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131119230503/http://borneobulletin.brunei-online.com/index.php/2013/10/25/call-to-add-ethnic-languages-as-optional-subject-in-schools/ |archive-date=19 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
| languages2 = {{hlist |[[Brunei Malay]] | [[Basa Tutong|Tutong]] |[[Kedayan]] |[[Basa Belait|Belait]]| [[Basa Cina|Basa Cina]] ([[Hokkien]], [[Basa Cina]], [[Basa Cina]] lan [[Basa Kanton]]) |Basa Pribumi |[[Basa Lun Bawang|Murut]] |[[Basa Dusun|Dusun]] |[[Basa Brunei Bisaya|Brunei Bisaya]] }}<!-- miwiti hack -->{{infobox|child=yes
| label1 = Skrip resmi
| data1 = {{vunblist |[[Aksara Melayu]] |[[Abjad Jawa]]<ref>[http://www.bt.com.bn/news-national/2010/10/22/writing-contest-promotes-usage-history-jawi-script Writing contest promotes usage, history of Jawi script] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120612065057/http://www.bt.com.bn/news-national/2010/10/22/writing-contest-promotes-usage-history-jawi-script |date=12 June 2012 }}. The Brunei Times (22 October 2010)</ref>}}
}}<!--end hack-->
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist
| 65.7% [[Wong Melayu Brunei|Melayu]] | 10,3% [[Etnis Tionghoa ing Brunei|Tionghoa]] | 24% liyane
}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2019
|ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="deps.gov.bn">{{Cite web|title=Population by Religion, Sex and Census Year|url=http://www.deps.gov.bn/SiteAssets/Time-Series3.html}}</ref>
| religion = {{vunblist|80.9% [[Sunni Islam]] ([[agama negara|resmi]]) | 7,1% Kristen | 7% Budha |5% liyane (kalebu kapercayan pribumi)}}
|religion_year = 2016
|religion_ref = <ref name="deps.gov.bn" />
| demonym = Bruneian
| government_type = {{nowrap|[[Negara Kesatuan|Kesatuan]] [[Negara Islam|Islam]]<br> [[Monarki Absolute]]}}
| leader_title1 = [[Daftar Sultan Brunei|Sultan]] lan [[Yang di-Pertuan Negara|Yang di-Pertuan]], [[Perdana Menteri Brunei|Perdana Menteri]]
| leader_name1 = [[Hassanal Bolkiah]]
| leader_title2 = [[Putra Mahkota]] lan Menteri Senior
| leader_name2 = [[Al-Muhtadee Billah]]
| legislature = [[Dewan Legislatif Brunei|Dewan Legislatif]]
| sovereignty_type = [[Sejarah Brunei|Formasi]]
| established_event1 = [[Muhammad Shah saka Brunei|Penciptaan Kasultanan]]
| established_date1 = c. 1368
| established_event2 = Brunei Kuna 19th century
| established_date2 =
| established_event3 = {{nowrap|Negara sing dilindhungi Inggris}}
| established_date3 = 17 September 1888
| established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Pendudukan Jepang ing Borneo Inggris|Pendudukan Jepang]]}}
| established_date4 = 1941–1945
| established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[Independence]] from<br />the [[United Kingdom]]}}
| established_date5 = 1 January 1984
| established_event6 = [[ASEAN Declaration]]
| established_date6 = 7 January 1984
| area_km2 = 5,765
| area_rank = 164th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_sq_mi = 2,226 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water = 8.6
| population_estimate = 460,345<ref name="depd.gov.bn">{{Cite web|url=http://www.depd.gov.bn/SitePages/Population.aspx|title=Department of Economic Planning and Development - Population|website=www.depd.gov.bn|language=en-US|access-date=2017-12-12}}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2020
| population_estimate_rank = 175th
| population_density_km2 = 72.11
| population_density_sq_mi = 186.75 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 134th
| GDP_PPP = $36.854 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=41&pr.y=14&sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=516&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook Database, January 2019 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |access-date=24 February 2019}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2019
| GDP_PPP_rank = 125th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $85,011<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 5th
| GDP_nominal = $13.325 billion<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal_year = 2019
| GDP_nominal_rank = 124th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $30,290<ref name=imf2 />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 29th
| Gini = <!--number only-->
| Gini_year =
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref =
| Gini_rank =
| HDI = 0.838 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 47th
| currency = [[Brunei dollar]]
| currency_code = BND
| time_zone = [[Time in Brunei|Brunei Darussalam Time]]
| utc_offset = +8
| electricity =
[[Mains electricity by country|240 V–50 Hz]]
| drives_on = left
| calling_code = [[+673]]{{ref label|Calling Code|c|}}
| cctld = [[.bn]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bn.html |title=Delegation Record for .BN |publisher=IANA |access-date=6 November 2015}}</ref>
| footnote_a = {{note|Malay}} Under Article 82: "Official language" of the Constitution of Brunei, [[Malay language|Malay]] is the official language.
| footnote_b = {{note|English}} Under Article 82: "Official language" of the Constitution of Brunei, [[English language|English]] is used in official documents (official documents are bilingual; Malay and English).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.agc.gov.bn/agc1/images/LOB/cons_doc/constitution_i.pdf|title=Constitution of Brunei Darussalam|publisher=Attorney General's Chambers Brunei Darussalam|access-date=15 October 2013}}{{dead link|date=August 2016}}</ref>
| footnote_c = {{note|Calling Code}} Also 080 from [[East Malaysia]].
|population_census=417,256|population_census_year=2016}}
 
'''Brunei''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Brunei.ogg|b|r|uː|ˈ|n|aɪ}} {{respell|broo|NYE}}; {{IPA -ms|brunaɪ|lang|Brunei-pronunciation-ms.ogg}}), kanthi resmi minangka '''Bangsa<!--terjemahan lengkap jeneng kasebut biasane diiringi "bangsa", dudu "negara"--> Brunei. ,<!--kalebu "ing" luwih umum--> Abode of Peace'''<ref>Peter Haggett (ed). ''Ensiklopedia Geografi Donya, Volume 1'', Marshall Cavendish, 2001, [https://books.google.com/books?id=u6LJ65K9DisC&lpg=PA2913&dq=brunei%20abode%20of%20peace&pg=PA2913 p. 2913].</ref> ({{lang-ms|Negara Brunei Darussalam}}, [[Abjad Jawi|Jawi]]: {{lang|ms-Arab|نڬارا بروني دارالسلام}}) (uga '''Brunei Darussalam ''') iku sawijining negara sing dumunung ing pesisir lor pulo [[Borneo]] ing [[Asia Tenggara]]. Kajaba saka pesisir [[Segara Cina Kidul]], iku diubengi babar pisan dening [[negara Malaysia]] [[Sarawak]]. Iki dipisahake dadi rong bagéan dening distrik Sarawak [[Daerah Limbang|Limbang]]. Brunei minangka siji-sijine negara sing berdaulat ing Borneo; sisa pulo iki dipérang antara [[Malaysia]] lan [[Indonesia]]. {{asof|2020}}, populasiné ana 460.345,<ref name="depd.gov.bn" /> sing udakara 100.000 manggon ing [[Ibukutha|ibukutha]] lan kutha paling gedhé, [[Bandar Seri Begawan]]. [[pamaréntahan Brunei|pamaréntah]] iku sawijining monarki absolut sing dipimpin déning [[Sultan Brunei|Sultan]], kanthi irah-irahan [[Yang di-Pertuan Negara|Yang di-Pertuan]], lan ngleksanakake kombinasi [[Hukum umum Inggris]] lan [[hukum syariah]], uga praktik umum [[Islam]]ik.
 
Ing puncak [[Kekaisaran Brunei]], [[Bolkiah|Sultan Bolkiah]] (mrentah 1485–1528) diklaim wis nguwasani sapérangan wilayah ing [[Borneo]], kalebu Sarawak lan [[Sabah]], uga [[Kapuloan Sulu]] ing pucuk sisih lor-wétan Borneo, lan pulo-pulo ing sisih kulon-lor kulon Kalimantan. Klaim uga nyatakake yen dheweke duwe kontrol marang [[Seludong]] (utawa Kraton Manila, ing ngendi ibukutha Filipina modern [[Manila]] saiki) nanging para sarjana Asia Tenggara percaya yen iki nuduhake pemukiman Gunung Selurong ing Indonesia. <ref name="Abinales2005">Abinales, Patricio N. lan Donna J. Amoroso, Negara lan Masyarakat ing Filipina. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005.</ref> Negara maritim Brunei ditekani Spanyol [[Timeline of Magellan's circumnavigation|Magellan Expedition]] ing taun 1521 lan perang nglawan Spanyol ing taun 1578 [[Perang Kastilia]].
 
Ing abad kaping 19, Kakaisaran Brunei wiwit mudhun. Kasultanan nyerahake Sarawak ([[Kuching]]) marang [[James Brooke]] lan mangkat dadi [[Rajah Putih|Raja Putih]], lan nyerahake Sabah marang Inggris [[North Borneo Chartered Company]]. Ing taun 1888, Brunei dadi [[protektorat Inggris]] lan ditugasake [[Resident (judhul)|resident Inggris]] minangka manajer kolonial ing taun 1906. Sawisé pendudukan Jepang nalika [[Perang Donya II]], ing taun 1959 ana sing anyar. konstitusi ditulis. Ing taun 1962, [[pemberontakan Brunei|pemberontakan bersenjata]] nglawan monarki dipungkasi kanthi bantuan Inggris.
 
Brunei éntuk kamardikan saka Britania Raya tanggal 1 Januari 1984. Pertumbuhan ekonomi nalika taun 1990-an lan 2000-an, kanthi PDB mundhak 56% wiwit taun 1999 nganti 2008, ngowahi Brunei dadi negara industri. Wis ngembangake kasugihan saka lapangan petroleum lan gas alam sing akeh. Brunei nduwe [[Indeks Pembangunan Manungsa]] paling dhuwur nomer loro ing antarane negara [[Asia Tenggara]], sawise [[Singapura]], lan diklasifikasikake minangka [[negara maju]]. Miturut [[International Monetary Fund]] (IMF), Brunei ana ing peringkat kaping lima ing donya miturut produk domestik bruto per kapita ing [[paritas daya beli]]. IMF ngira ing taun 2011 yen Brunei minangka salah siji saka rong negara (sing liyane yaiku [[Sejarah Libya ing jaman Muammar Gaddafi#Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977–2011)|Libya]]) kanthi utang publik 0% saka PDB nasional. {
 
== Pranala njaba ==