Darmstadtium: Béda antara owahan

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Darmstadtium was [[discovery of the chemical elements|first created]] on November 9, [[1994]] at the [[Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung]] (GSI) in [[Wixhausen]], a northern suburb of [[Darmstadt]], [[Germany]] by [[Peter Armbruster]] and [[Gottfried Münzenberg]], under the direction of professor Sigurd Hofmann. Four [[atom]]s of it were detected by a [[nuclear fusion]] reaction caused by bombarding a lead-208 target with nickel-62 ions:

<ref name=95Ho01>[http://www.springerlink.com/content/j51g8342h311x460/ "Production and decay of ²⁶⁹110"], '''Hofmann et al.''', ''Z. Phys. A.'', 1995, 350, 4. Retrieved on [[2008-03-02]]</ref>

 

:<math>\,^{208}_{82}\mathrm{Pb} + \,^{62}_{28}\mathrm{Ni} \, \to \,^{269}_{110}\mathrm{Ds} + \; ^1_0\mathrm{n} \; </math>

 

In the same series of experiments, the same team also carried out the reaction using heavier nickel-64 ions. During two runs, 9 atoms of ²⁷¹Ds were convincingly detected by correlation with known daughter decay properties:

<ref name=98Ho01>[http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0034-4885/61/6/002 "New elements-approaching Z=114"], '''S.Hoffman''', ''Rep. Prog. Phys.'',1998, 61, 639-689. Retrieved on [[2008-03-02]]</ref>

 

:<math>\,^{208}_{82}\mathrm{Pb} + \,^{64}_{28}\mathrm{Ni} \, \to \,^{271}_{110}\mathrm{Ds} + \; ^1_0\mathrm{n} \; </math>

 

The IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party (JWP) recognised the GSI team as discoverers in their 2001 report.<ref>http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/pdf/7306x0959.pdf</ref>

 

[[Image:electron shell 110 Darmstadtium.svg|thumb|150px|left]]

 

Darmstadtium is element 110 in the Periodic Table. The two forms of the projected electronic structure are:

 

Bohr model: 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 17, 1

 

Quantum mechanical model: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰

===Oxidation states===

Element 110 is projected to be the eighth member of the 6d series of transition metals and the heaviest member of group 10 in the Periodic Table, below [[nickel]], [[palladium]] and [[platinum]].

 

===Chemistry===

== See also ==

*[[Island of stability]]

 

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