Life

Mencawak, menyawak, nyambik utawa slira/salira (Varanus), yaiku kadhal gedhé asli saka Afrika, Asia lan Oséania. Nanging saik uga tinemu ing Amérika minangka spésiès invasif. Ana 79 spésiès kang saiki wis kenali.

Mencawak
Kalamangsa: Miocene to present
Rock monitor (Varanus albigularis)
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah e
Karajan: Animalia
Filum: Chordata
Klas: Reptilia
Ordho: Squamata
Famili: Varanidae
Génus: Varanus


Merrem, 1820

Spésies tipe
Varanus varius
Shaw, 1790
Subgenera
  • Empagusia
  • Euprepiosaurus
  • Odatria
  • Papusaurus
  • Philippinosaurus
  • Polydaedalus
  • Psammosaurus
  • Soterosaurus
  • Varaneades
  • Varanus

(delengen ing wedharan)

Wedharan besut

Mencawak kalebu jinis kadhal kang gedhé, duwé gulu kang dawa, buntut lan cakar kang rosa. Dawané saka 20 cm nganti luwi saka 3 m mligi tumrap menyawak komodho. Déné jinis Varanus priscus kang wus cures malah luwih saka 7 m. Akéh jinis mencawak kang karnivora kanthi mangan gegremet, urang-urangan, endhog, rèptil cilik, iwak lan mamalia cilik. Akéh-akéhé mencawak mangan kéwan invertebrata nalika isih nom, déné sawisé diwasa mangan kéwan vertebrata. Menyawak komodho diwasa, jinis menyawak kang paling gedhé luwih saka 50% pangané rupa kidang[1]. Déné 3 spésiès mencawak saka Filipina kang urip ing wit, yaiku Varanus bitatawa, Varanus mabitang, lan Varanus olivaceus mung mangan woh-wohan[2][3][4].
Racaké mencawak urip dhéwé, nanging uga bisa urip ing kelompok nganti cacah 25 ing ékosistem kang larang banyu.

Spésiès besut

 
V. bengalensis, Mencawak Bengala
 
V. timorensis, Mencawak Timor
 
V. salvadorii, mencawak baya
Barkas:Nile, Lake Manyara.jpg
Mencawak Nil
 
V. nilocitus
 
Varanus albigularis albigularis
Barkas:Asian water (Varanus salvator salvator).JPG
Mencawak banyu (Varanus salvator salvator)
 
Perentie (Varanus giganteus)
 
Varanus macraei

Génus Varanus

Spqcixs kang ditengeri ateges wis cures

Subgénus Empagusia:

Subgénus Euprepiosaurus:[5]

Subgénus Odatria:

Subgénus Papusaurus:

Subgénus Philippinosaurus:

Subgénus Polydaedalus:

Subgénus Psammosaurus:

Subgénus Soterosaurus:

Subgénus Varaneades:

Subgénus Varanus:

Rujukan besut

  1. Auffenberg, Walter (1981). The Behavioral Ecology of the Komodo Monitor. University Press of Florida.
  2. Greene, Harry W. (1986). Diet and Arboreality in the Emerald Monitor, Varanus Prasinus, with Comments on the Study of Adaptation. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History. OCLC 14915452. Dibukak ing 12 December 2013.
  3. Welton, L. J.; Siler, C. D.; Bennett, D.; Diesmos, A.; Duya, M. R.; Dugay, R.; Rico, E. L. B.; Van Weerd, M.; Brown, R. M. (2010). "A spectacular new Philippine monitor lizard reveals a hidden biogeographic boundary and a novel flagship species for conservation". Biology Letters. 6 (5): 654–658. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0119. PMC 2936141. PMID 20375042.
  4. Struck, U; Altenbach, AV; Gaulke, M; F, Glaw (2002). "Tracing the diet of the monitor lizard Varanus mabitang by stable isotope analyses (d15N, d13C)". Naturwissenschaften. 89: 470–473. doi:10.1007/s00114-002-0361-8.
  5. Ziegler, Thomas; Schmitz, Andreas; Koch, Andre; Böhme, Wolfgang (2007). "A review of the subgenus Euprepiosaurus of Varanus (Squamata: Varanidae): morphological and molecular phylogeny, distribution and zoogeography, with an identification key for the members of the V. indicus and the V. prasimus species groups". Zootaxa 1472: 1-28.
  6. Varanus keithhornei, The Reptile Database
  7. Weijola, Valter; Sweet, Samuel (2010). "A new melanistic species of lizard (Reptilia: Squamata: Varanidae) from Sanana Island, Indonesia" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2434: 17–32.
  8. Varanus prasinus, The Reptile Database
  9. Eidenmüller, Bernd; Wicker, Rudolf (2005). "Eine weitere neue Waranart aus dem Varanus prasinus-Komplex von den Insel Misol, Indonesian ". Sauria 27 (1): 3-8. (Varanus reisingeri, new species). (in German).
  10. Weijola, Valter; Donnellan, Stephen; Lindqvist, Christer (2016). "A new blue-tailed lizard (Reptilia, Squamata, Varanus) of the Varanus indicus group from Mussau Island, Papua New Guinea". ZooKeys. 568 (568): 129–54. doi:10.3897/zookeys.568.6872. PMC 4829673. PMID 27103877.
  11. Varanus baritji, The Reptile Database
  12. https://news.ku.edu/2015/01/12/undercover-researchers-expose-two-new-species-lizard-sale-philippine-black-market
  13. Koch, André; Gaulke, Maren; Böhme, Wolfgang (2010). "Unravelling the underestimated diversity of Philippine water Lizards (Squamata: Varanus salvator complex), with description of two new species and a new subspecies". Zootaxa 2446: 1-54. (Varanus rasmusseni, new species, p. 28).
  14. "Varanus (Soterosaurus) rasmusseni ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.