Wong Rusyn, uga karan wong Karpatho-Rusyn utawa wong Ruténé (Rusyn: Русины Rusyny; kala-kala uga dirujuk minangka wong Karpatho-Ruslan utawa wong Rusnak), ya iku sawijininggolongan étnis diasporis kang nuturaké sawijining Basa Slavika Wétan, kang diarani basa Rusyn. Karpatho-Rusyns iku turunan saka wong Ruténia kang ora nganggo étnonim "wong Ukraina" ing kawitané abad angka 20. Panganggoné istilah wong Rusyn dilarang déning sawenèh pamaréntah, kaya kang bisa dideleng sawisé taun 1945 ing Soviet Transcarpathia, Polen kuminis, lan Cékoslowakia.[12]

Wong Karpatho-Rusyn

Gendéra Karpathia Ruténia

Lambang nagara Karpathia Ruténia
Tlatah mawa cacah jiwa akèh
 Slowak33.482[1]
 Sèrbi14.246[2]
 Ukraina10.183[3]
 Amérika Sarékat8.934[note 1][4]
 Honggari3.882[5]
 Kroasia2.879[6]
 Cèsko1.109[7]
 Polen638[note 2][8]
 Rumeniat least 200 [note 3][9][10][11]
Basa
Basa Rusyn · Basa Ukraina · Basa Slowak · Basa Ruslan
Agama
Katulik Yunani, Ortodoks Wétan
Golongan ètnik magepokan
wong Ukraina · wong Slowak · wong Boyko
wong Hutsul · wong Lémko

Ing dina iki, Slowakia, Polen, Honggari, Républik Céko, Sèrbi lan Kroasia kanthi resmi nganggep wong Rusyn (utawa wong Ruténé) minangka étnis minoritas.[13] Ing taun 2007, wong Karpatho-Rusyn dianggep étnis kang kapisah ing Ukraina déning Majelis Zakarpattia Enggon-enggonan, lan ing taun 2012 basa Rusyn nggayuh status enggon-enggonan resmi ing sawenèh wewengkoning provinsi. Pérangan gedhé wong kang ngaku ètnik Rusyn saiki dumunung sajabaning Ukraina.

Saka jumlah kang diwetara ya iku ana 1,2 yuta wong[12] kang asli wong Rusyn, amung ana 98.900 kang uwis nganggep dhiriné wong Rusyn ing bab pulitik utawa étnisitas ,[butuh sitiran] dhedhasar sènsus-sènsus ing wektu iki, pamaréntah Ukraina nulak nglebokaké Rusyn minangka sawijining jatidhiri ètnik ing blangko sènsus krana sawenèh alesan.[14] Sanajan ta, panggolonganing étnis Rusyn minangka étnis Slav Wétan kang kapisah lan béda saka wong Ruslan, wong Ukraina, utawa wong Bélarus utawa wong Polen ing Slavika Kulon[15] iku dianggep kontrovèrsial.[16][17][18] Mayoritas sujana Ukraina nganggep wong Rusyn minangka subgolongan étnis saka wong Ukraina (kaya étnis Ukraina kang dianggep péranganing bangsa Ruslan déning sawenèh sujana).[19][20] Bab iki dibantah déning sawenèh sujana Lémko [21] lan mayoritasé sujana Céko, Slowak, Kanadha, lan Amérikah. Miturut sènsus Ukraina ing taun 2001 saperteloning wong Rusyn ing Ukraina nyaturaké basa Ukraina, déné kang liyané panggah nyaturaké basa asliné.[22]

Istilah "wong Rusyn," "wong Ruténé," "wong Rusniak," "wong Lémak," "wong Lyshak" lan "wong Lémko" dianggep déning sawenèh sujana minangka istilah kang historis, lokal lan sinonimus kanggo wong Karpathia Ukraina; kang liyané nganggep istilah "wong Lémko" lan "wong Rusnak" amung minangka warna istilah enggon-enggonan saka "wong Rusyn" utawa "wong Ruténé."[12]

Gladri besut

Cathetan besut

  1. Respondents in the U.S. census identified as Carpatho Rusyn
  2. According to the 2011 Polish census, 10,531 respondents identified as Lemkos, separately from Rusyns.
  3. While an estimated 200 people identified themselves as "Rusyns" in 2011, in the 2002 Romanian census, 3,890 people identified as Hutsuls (Romanian: Huțuli; Rusyn Hutsuly) – a minority whose members often identifiy or are regarded as a subgroup of the Rusyns. A further 61,091 Romanian citizens identified as Ukrainian (Romanian: Ucraineni). As the archaic exonym "Ruthenians" was applied indiscriminately to both Rusyns and Ukrainians, some Ukrainian-Romanians may also regard themselves as Rusyns in the sense of a subgroup of a broader Ukrainian identity.

Rujukan besut

  1. "Permanently resident population by nationality and by regions and districts" (PDF) (ing basa Slowakia). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2011. Diarsip saka sing asli (PDF) ing 2012-04-17.
  2. Становништво према националној припадности [Population by ethnicity]. Serbian Republic Institute of Statistics (ing basa Serbia).
  3. Чисельність осіб окремих етнографічних груп украінського етносу та їх рідна мова [Number of persons individual ethnographic groups of the Ukrainian ethnicity and their native language]. ukrcensus.gov.ua (ing basa Ukraina). 2001. Dibukak ing 4 Maret 2016. The higher figure is an estimate based on the proportions of local-born ethnic "Ukrainians" living in relevant West-Ukrainian oblasts; the Dolinyan, Boyko and Hutsul areas are included.
    See Карта говорів української мови, 10.10.2008; Энциклопедический словарь: В 86 томах с иллюстрациями и дополнительными материалами. Edited by Андреевский, И.Е. − Арсеньев, К.К. − Петрушевский, Ф.Ф. − Шевяков, В.Т., s.v. Русины. Online version. Вологда, Russia: Вологодская областная универсальная научная библиотека, 2001 (1890−1907), 10.10.2008; Ethnologue: Languages of the World. Edited by Gordon, Raymond G., Jr., s.v. Rusyn. Fifteenth edition. Online version. Dallas, Texas, U.S.A.: SIL International, 2008 (2005), 10.10.2008; Eurominority: Peoples in search of freedom. Edited by Bodlore-Penlaez, Mikael, s.v. Ruthenians. Quimper, France: Organization for the European Minorities, 1999–2008 Archived 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine., 10.10.2008. How this estimate has been prepared in detail, is represented in the Table 1 of this article.
  4. "Total ancestry categories tallied for people with one or more ancestry categories reported, 2010 American Community Survey, 1-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Diarsip saka sing asli ing January 18, 2015. Dibukak ing November 30, 2012.
  5. Population by nationality, mother tongue, language spoken with family members or friends and affinity with nationalities’ cultural values - official 2011 census data
  6. "STANOVNIŠTVO PREMA NARODNOSTI, PO GRADOVIMA/OPĆINAMA, POPIS 2001" [Population by ethnicity in cities and municipalities, 2001 Census] . State Institute for Statistics of the Republic of Croatia.
  7. "Rusínská národnostní menšina". Dibukak ing 18 Maret 2015.
  8. "Ludność. Stan i struktura demograficzno społeczna" [State and structure of the social demographics of the population] (PDF). Central Statistical Office of Poland (ing basa Polandia). 2013. kc. 91. Dibukak ing 14 April 2013.
  9. Moser, Michael (2016). ""Rusyn"". The Palgrave Handbook of Slavic Languages, Identities and Borders . Basingstoke UK: Palgrave Macmillan. kc. 132. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (pitulung)
  10. "Populaţia după etnie" (PDF) . Institutul Naţional de Statistică. Dibukak ing 2011-10-28.
  11. "Date naţionale" . Erdélyi Magyar Adatbank. Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2011-09-29. Dibukak ing 2011-10-28.
  12. a b c Paul Magocsi (1995).
  13. "Ukraine's ethnic minority seeks independence". Diarsip saka asliné ing 2008-12-12. Dibukak ing 2008-12-12.
  14. "Законодавство України не дозволяє визнати русинів Закарпаття окремою національністю".
  15. In 2011 census, page 273, the number of 183 persons speaking at home Lemkos, described themselves as Polish, and 1488 as Lemkos and Poles, while 4609 as Lemkos and non-Poles.
  16. Professor Ivan Pop: Encyclopedia of Subcarpathian Ruthenia(Encyclopedija Podkarpatskoj Rusi).
  17. Paul Robert Magocsi, Encyclopedia of Rusyn History and Culture .
  18. Tom Trier (1998), Inter-Ethnic Relations in Transcarpathian Ukraine
  19. Wilson, Andrew (2000), The Ukrainians: Unexpected Nation, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  20. Taras Kuzio (2005), "The Rusyn Question in Ukraine: Sorting Out Fact from Fiction" Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine., Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism, XXXII
  21. Trochanowski, Piotr (14 January 1992).
  22. "Number of persons of individual ethnic groups other than those of Ukrainian ethnicity and their native language" Чисельність осіб окремих етнографічних груп украінського етносу та їх рідна мова [Number of persons of individual ethnic groups other than those of Ukrainian ethnicity and their native language] (in Ukrainian).