Perang Sadulur Amérika

Perang Sadulur Amérika (Inggris: American Civil War) ya iku perang sadulur ing Amérikah Sarékat saka taun 1861 nganti 1865. Union ngadhepi secessionists ing sewelas nagara Kidul diklompokaké minangka Konfederasi Amérika. Union menang perang, kang tetep paling berdarah ing sajarah AS.

Perang Sadulur Amérika

Saarah jarum jam saka ndhuwur: Pertempuran Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, reruntuhan Richmond, Virginia, Pertempuran Franklin
Titimangsa12 April 1861 – 9 Mèi 1865 (miturut proklamasi)[1]
(4 taun, 3 minggu lan 6 dina)
(Last shot fired June 22, 1865)
PernahAmérikah Sarékat Kidul, Amérikah Sarékat Lor-Wétan, Amérikah Sarékat Kulon, Samodra Atlantik
Asil

Union victory

Péhak kang perang
 United States  Confederate States
Pangarep

Abraham Lincoln
Ulysses S. Grant
William T. Sherman
George B. McClellan
David Farragut

Jefferson Davis Teluk
Robert E. Lee Teluk
Joseph E. Johnston Teluk
Stonewall Jackson (TKT)
Raphael Semmes Teluk

Kakuwatan

2,200,000:[2]

698,000 (peak)[3][4]

750,000–1,000,000[2][5]

360,000 (peak)[3][6]
Kurban

110,000+ killed in action/died of wounds
230,000+ accident/disease deaths[7][8]
25,000–30,000 died in Confederate prisons[3][7]

365,000+ total dead[9]

282,000+ wounded[8]

94,000+ killed in action/died of wounds[7] 26,000–31,000 died in Union prisons[8]

290,000+ total dead

137,000+ wounded
50,000 civilians dead[10]
Total: 705,000–900,000+ dead[11]

Antarane 34 praja AS ing Januari 1861, pitu praja budak tlatah Kidul (Southern) mbiwara secession saka AS lan mangun Konfederasi Amérika. Perang pecah ing April 1861 nalika Konfederasi nyerang beteng AS Fort Sumter. Konfederasi tambah sewelas praja; Konfederasi ngeklaim rong praja liyané lan tlatah kulon Arizona. Konfederasi ora tau diakoni kanthi diplomasi déning nagara manca. praja kang tetep setya, kalebu nagara wewatesan ngendi batur tukon légal, mau Union utawa Lor (the North). Perang rampung kanthi nyerahé kabèh bala Konfederasi lan ambruké pamaréntah Konfederasi ing mangsa semi 1865.

Perang iki diwiwiti saka masalah batur tukon, mligi nyebaré batur tukon menyang tlatah kulon. Papat taun peperangan kuat ninggal 620.000-750.000 prajurit mati, jumlahé punjul pati militèr Amérika ing Perang Donya I lan Perang Donya II digabungaké, lan akèh infrastruktur Kidul kang dirusak. Konfederasi ambruk lan 4 yuta babu padha dibebaske (paling akèh déning Proklamasi Émansipasi Lincoln). Éra Rékonstruksi (1863-1877) sawisé perang ya iku prosès kanggo mulihake manunggaling nagara, nguwataké pamaréntahan nasional, lan mènèhi hak-hak sipil kanggo babu kang dibébasaké.

Rérefènsi

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Cathetan

Sitiran

  1. "The Belligerent Rights of the Rebels at an End. All Nations Warned Against Harboring Their Privateers. If They Do Their Ships Will be Excluded from Our Ports. Restoration of Law in the State of Virginia. The Machinery of Government to be Put in Motion There". The New York Times. Associated Press. May 10, 1865. Dibukak ing December 23, 2013.
  2. a b Total number that served
  3. a b c "Facts". National Park Service.
  4. "Size of the Union Army in the American Civil War": Of which 131,000 were in the Navy and Marines, 140,000 were garrison troops and home defense militia, and 427,000 were in the field army.
  5. Long, E. B. The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. OCLC 68283123. p. 705.
  6. "The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. ; Series 4 - Volume 2", United States. War Dept 1900.
  7. a b c Fox, William F. Regimental losses in the American Civil War (1889)
  8. a b c "Official DOD data". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2014-02-28. Dibukak ing 2016-09-14.
  9. Chambers & Anderson 1999, kc. 849.
  10. Nofi, Al (June 13, 2001). "Statistics on the War's Costs". Louisiana State University. Diarsip saka sing asli ing July 11, 2007. Dibukak ing October 14, 2007.
  11. Recounting the dead, Associate Professor J. David Hacker, "estimates, based on Census data, indicate that the death toll was approximately 750,000, and may have been as high as 850,000"

Bibliografi

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Wacan luwih lanjut

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Pranala njaba

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