Bolongan ireng gedhe pol

Bolongan ireng gedhe pol (ing basa Inggris: Supermassive black holes ) iku jinis bolongan ireng paling gedhé, kanthi massa saka atusan ewu nganti milyaran massane srengéngé . Umume utawa malah kabeh galaksi dianggep duwe bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing tengahe. Ing tengah galaksi Bima Sakti dipitayani ana bolongan ireng gedhe pol Sagittarius A* .

Sajarah panemon

Bolongan ireng gedhe pol awale dihipotesisake dening Donald Lynden-Bell lan Martin Rees ing taun 1971 sing ngira yen pusat galaksi Bima Sakti nduweni bolongan ireng gedhe pol. Bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing tengah Bima Sakti ditemokake tanggal 13 lan 15 Februari 1974, dening astronom Bruce Balick lan interferometer garis dhasar Robert Brown saka Observatorium Astronomi Radio Nasional lan dijenengi Sagittarius A*. Dheweke nemokake sumber radio sing ngetokake radiasi sinkroton, sing ditemokake kandhel lan ora obah amarga gravitasi. Mulane, iki minangka indikasi pisanan yen ana bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing inti Bima Sakti.

Proses pambentukan

Gambaran bolongan ireng gedhe pol lan cakra akresi.

Bolongan ireng ing tengah Bima Sakti

Para astronom pitaya yèn Galaksi Bima Sakti duwé bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing tengahé, 26.000 taun cahya saka Tata Surya, ing wilayah sing diarani Sagittarius A* ^[2] amarga:

Lintang S2 ngetutake ideran lonjong kanthi periode orbit 15,2 taun. Jarak paling cedhak 17 jam cahya ( 7000180000000000000♠1.8 utawa 120 AU) saka obyek tengah. ^[3]
Saka pengamatan obahe lintang S2, massa obyek kasebut bisa dikira-kira 4,1 yuta massa surya, ^[4] ^[5] utawa kira-kira 7000819999999999999♠8.2 .
Radius obyek tengah ora luwih saka 17 jam cahya, yen luwih gedhe, S2 bakal tabrakan karo. Nyatane, pengamatan anyar ^[6] nuduhake radius awak tengah ora luwih saka 6,25 jam cahya, kira-kira padha karo ideran planet Uranus .

Bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing njaba Bima Sakti

Inti Galaksi Andromeda, panggonan kang para astronom pitaya ana bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing njerone. Gambar dijupuk dening Teleskop Angkasa Hubble . NASA / ESA .

Galaksi Andromeda (M31), adohe 2,5 yuta taun cahya, ana bolongan ireng gedhe pol ing tengahe kanthi (1,1–2,3) × ¹⁰⁸ (110–230 yuta) massa surya, ingkang luwih gedhe tinimbang Bima Sakti. ^[7]

Deleng uga

Dhaftar bolongan ireng paling gedhe
Lintang neutron
bolongan ireng
Galaksi
Pusat galaksi
Kuasar
Semburan sinar gamma

Referensi

↑ Oldham, L. J.; Auger, M. W. (March 2016). "Galaxy structure from multiple tracers - II. M87 from parsec to megaparsec scales". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (1): 421–439. arXiv:1601.01323. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.457..421O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2982.
↑ Henderson, Mark (December 9, 2008). "Astronomers confirm black hole at the heart of the Milky Way". London: Times Online. Dibukak ing 2009-05-17.
↑ Schödel, R.; et al. (17 October 2002). "A star in a 15.2-year orbit around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way". Nature. 419 (6908): 694–696. arXiv:astro-ph/0210426. Bibcode:2002Natur.419..694S. doi:10.1038/nature01121. PMID 12384690. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)
↑ Ghez, A. M.; et al. (December 2008). "Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits". Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1044–1062. arXiv:0808.2870. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1044G. doi:10.1086/592738. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)
↑ "Milky Way's Central Monster Measured". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2012-09-10. Dibukak ing 2014-09-25. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (pitulung)
↑ Ghez, A. M.; Salim, S.; Hornstein, S. D.; Tanner, A.; Lu, J. R.; Morris, M.; Becklin, E. E.; Duchêne, G. (May 2005). "Stellar Orbits around the Galactic Center Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal. 620 (2): 744–757. arXiv:astro-ph/0306130. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..744G. doi:10.1086/427175.
↑ Bender, Ralf; et al. (2005-09-20). "HST STIS Spectroscopy of the Triple Nucleus of M31: Two Nested Disks in Keplerian Rotation around a Supermassive Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal. 631 (1): 280–300. arXiv:astro-ph/0509839. Bibcode:2005ApJ...631..280B. doi:10.1086/432434. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)

[1] Oldham, L. J.; Auger, M. W. (March 2016). "Galaxy structure from multiple tracers - II. M87 from parsec to megaparsec scales". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 457 (1): 421–439. arXiv:1601.01323. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.457..421O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2982.

[Henderson-2] Henderson, Mark (December 9, 2008). "Astronomers confirm black hole at the heart of the Milky Way". London: Times Online. Dibukak ing 2009-05-17.

[3] Schödel, R.; et al. (17 October 2002). "A star in a 15.2-year orbit around the supermassive black hole at the centre of the Milky Way". Nature. 419 (6908): 694–696. arXiv:astro-ph/0210426. Bibcode:2002Natur.419..694S. doi:10.1038/nature01121. PMID 12384690. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)

[Ghez08-4] Ghez, A. M.; et al. (December 2008). "Measuring Distance and Properties of the Milky Way's Central Supermassive Black Hole with Stellar Orbits". Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1044–1062. arXiv:0808.2870. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1044G. doi:10.1086/592738. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)

[5] "Milky Way's Central Monster Measured". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2012-09-10. Dibukak ing 2014-09-25. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (pitulung)

[6] Ghez, A. M.; Salim, S.; Hornstein, S. D.; Tanner, A.; Lu, J. R.; Morris, M.; Becklin, E. E.; Duchêne, G. (May 2005). "Stellar Orbits around the Galactic Center Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal. 620 (2): 744–757. arXiv:astro-ph/0306130. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..744G. doi:10.1086/427175.

[Bender-7] Bender, Ralf; et al. (2005-09-20). "HST STIS Spectroscopy of the Triple Nucleus of M31: Two Nested Disks in Keplerian Rotation around a Supermassive Black Hole". The Astrophysical Journal. 631 (1): 280–300. arXiv:astro-ph/0509839. Bibcode:2005ApJ...631..280B. doi:10.1086/432434. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |last2= (pitulung)

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