Kriptid

Wonten ing kriptozoologi lan kriptobotani, satunggaling kriptid (saking Grikenlan: κρύπτω, salin aksara krypto ingkang ateges "ndelik") punika makluk utawi tuwuhan ingkang mitosipun wonten nanging boten dipunmangertosi déning konsensus ilmiah lan asring angèl dipunpitadosi.^[1] Tuladha kriptid ingkang kondhang punika Yeti ing Himalaya lan monster Loch Ness ing Sekotlan. Kadangkala kriptid dipunsebat ugi "UMA", akronim saking Unidentified Mysterious Animals (Kéwan Aneh Misterius).

Ikhtisar

Istilah kriptid dipunmedalaken déning John E. Wall taun 1983 wonten ing satunggalung serat marang Perkumpulan Kriptozoologi Internasional (International Society of Cryptozoology).^[2] Wiwitanipun, kriptid dipundinakaken kanggé anggota subfamili Cryptinae inggih punika familia tawon pemburu (ichneumon wasp). Kathahipun Cryptinae dipunwastani minangka idiobiont ectoparasitoids ingkang ateges parasit ingkang menghalangi tuwuhiopun inang bibar njangkiti lan ngembang ing njawinipun awak inang, kadangkala awakipun nempel ing jaringan awak inang. Wuwuhan "crypt-" asalipun saking Basa Yunani ingkang ateges "ndelik" utawi "wadi".

Istilah 'kriptid' ugi dipun-ginakaken déning para kriptozoolog marang kéwan ingkang kawontenanipun diakoni déning komunitas ilmiah, nanging langkung dipunremeni ing kriptozoologi, tuladhanipun coelacanth ingkang dpunpitadosi naté cures lan okapi ingkang naté dipunanggep makluk ing angen-angen kemawon.^[3] Makluk wonten ing legenda kados unicorn dan naga kadangkala dipunwastani kriptid, nanging kathah kriptozoolog boten mastani makaten.^[4] Sanajan makaten satunggaling prakawis saged damel naga lan griffin dados makluk ingkang saèstu kriptid. Jeannine Davis-Kimball, Ph.D., nyerat wonten ing Warrior Women (2002) bilih menapa ingkang katingal minangka makluk fantastis saged mawi dhasar samubarang ingkang ngemu nalar: ahli folklor Adrienne Mayor nglacak pangembangan sajarah babagan legénda kalih makluk mau lan mendhet dudutan bilih kalih punika asalipun saking pepanggihan kuna atusan fosil Protoceratop lan Psittacosaurus ing Bukit Berapi Turkestan lan ngandhap bukit Tien Shan.

Klasifikasi Eberhart

Ilustrasi naga laut ingkang dipuntingali déning Hans Egede, biskop Grunlan, taun 1734 ing Samodra Atlantik. Dumugi sapunika kawontenan naga laut dèrèng saged kebukti kanthi ilmiah.

George M. Eberhart saking American Library Association (Perkumpulan Pustakawan Amérika),^[5] ingkang nyerat kanggé Journal of Scientific Exploration, damel klasifikasi sedasa macem kéwan misterius ingkang dipunteliti ing kriptozoologi:

Ugi pirsani

Cathetan suku

↑ Carroll, Robert T. (09-02-23). "Cryptozoology". The Skeptic's Dictionary. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (pitulung)
↑ "John E. Wall of Manitoba coined it [the word "cryptid"] in a letter published in the summer 1983 issue of the ISC Newsletter (vol. 2, no. 2, p. 10), published by the International Society of Cryptozoology." Coleman, L. in Cryptomundo.com
↑ Sharps, Matthew J., Justin Matthews & Janet Asten. 2006. Cognition and Belief in Paranormal Phenomena: Gestalt/Feature-Intensive Processing Theory and Tendencies Toward ADHD, Depression, and Dissociation. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. 140 (6), pp. 579–590 DOI: 10.3200/JRLP.140.6.579-590
↑ Cryptozoology A to Z: The Encyclopedia of Loch Monsters, Sasquatch, Chupacabras, and Other Authentic Mysteries of Nature by Loren Coleman and Jerome Clark (NY: Simon and Schuster, 1999, ISBN 0-684-85602-6).
↑ Eberhart, George M. "Mysterious Creatures: Creating A Cryptozoological Encyclopedia." 2005. Journal of Scientific Exploration. Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 103–113].

Pranala njawi

Cohen, Daniel (1970). A Modern Look At Monsters. Cornwall, New York: The Cornwall Press, Inc. ISBN 0-396-06200-8.
Cohen, Daniel (1989). Encyclopedia of Monsters: Bigfoot, Chinese Wildman, Nessie, Sea Ape, Werewolf and many more... London: Michael O'Mara Books Ltd. ISBN 0-948397-94-2.
Mackal, Roy P. (1980). Searching For Hidden Animals: An Inquiry into Zoological Mysteries. USA: Self published. ISBN 0-385-14897-6.

[SkepDic-1] Carroll, Robert T. (09-02-23). "Cryptozoology". The Skeptic's Dictionary. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (pitulung)

[2] "John E. Wall of Manitoba coined it [the word "cryptid"] in a letter published in the summer 1983 issue of the ISC Newsletter (vol. 2, no. 2, p. 10), published by the International Society of Cryptozoology." Coleman, L. in Cryptomundo.com

[SharpsEtAl-3] Sharps, Matthew J., Justin Matthews & Janet Asten. 2006. Cognition and Belief in Paranormal Phenomena: Gestalt/Feature-Intensive Processing Theory and Tendencies Toward ADHD, Depression, and Dissociation. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied. 140 (6), pp. 579–590 DOI: 10.3200/JRLP.140.6.579-590

[4] Cryptozoology A to Z: The Encyclopedia of Loch Monsters, Sasquatch, Chupacabras, and Other Authentic Mysteries of Nature by Loren Coleman and Jerome Clark (NY: Simon and Schuster, 1999, ISBN 0-684-85602-6).

[5] Eberhart, George M. "Mysterious Creatures: Creating A Cryptozoological Encyclopedia." 2005. Journal of Scientific Exploration. Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 103–113].

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