Wilhelm Hofmeister: Béda antara owahan
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'''Wilhelm Friedrich Benedikt Hofmeister''' ([[18 Mei]] [[1824]] nganti [[12 Januari]] [[1877]]) iku biologis lan botanis saka [[Jerman]]. Panjenengané dianggep "''stands as one of the true giants in the history of biology and belongs in the same pantheon as [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]] and [[Gregor Mendel|Mendel]]''"<ref name="Kaplan">[http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2445841 Kaplan, Donald R. & Todd J. Cooke (1996) The genius of Wilhelm Hofmeister: the origin of causal-analytical research in plant development. American Journal of Botany 83 (12): 1647-1660.]</ref>. Hébaté, panjenengané iku sinau mandhiri.
==Biografi==
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|doi = 10.1126/science.62.1597.127
|journal = Science
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Hofmeister nyumbangaké panemon ngenani ''alternation of generations'' minangka sawijining prinsip umum ing tetanduran. Usulané yakuwi pangowahan (''alteration'') antara fase [[haploid]] lan [[diploid]] minangka sawijining téori panyawijèn (''unifying theory'') saka évolusi tetanduran, dibabar ing taun 1851, wolung taun sadurungé [[Charles Darwin|Darwin's]] ''[[On the origin of species]]''<ref>Box 9.1 in [[Paul Keddy|Keddy, P.A.]] (2007) Plants and Vegetation: Origins, Processes, Consequences. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 680 p. ISBN 9780521864800 [http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521864800&ss=ind]</ref>.
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Hofmeister was an early student of the genetics in plants. He is cited for the first studies of plant [[embryology]]. According to [[C. D. Darlington]], Hofmeister had observed what would later be called [[chromosome]]s in a dividing cell nucleus as early as 1848. He left detailed sketches which are reproduced in Darlington's [[The Facts of Life]], though he was not the first to observe them.
Hofmeister's contribution to biology is still far from widely acknowledged<ref name="Kaplan"/>. This may partly be attributed to the fact that only one of his works were translated from [[German language|German]] to [[English language|English]]. However, Kaplan & Cooke<ref name="Kaplan"/> conclude that "''his reputation became eclipsed because he was so far ahead of his contemporaries that no one could understand or appreciate his work''".
{{botanist|Hofmeist.|Wilhelm Hofmeister}}
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*Die Entstehung des Embryos der Phanerogamen. Eine Reihe mikroskopischer Untersuchungen. Verlag F. Hofmeister, Leipzig 1849.
*Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Keimung, Entfaltung und Fruchtbildung höherer Kryptogamen (Moose, Farne, Equisetaceen, Rhizokarpeen und Lykopodiaceen) und der Samenbildung der Coniferen. 179 pp., 1851 (Reprint: Historiae Naturalis Classica 105. Cramer, Vaduz 1979). English translation (by F. Currey): On the germination, development and fructification of the higher Cryptogamia and on the fructification of the Coniferae. Ray Society, London, 1862.
*Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Embryobildung der Phanerogamen. 1. Dikotyledonen mit ursprünglich einzelligem, nur durch Zellentheilung wachsendem Endosperm. S. Hirzel, Leipzig, pp.
* Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Embryobildung der Phanerogamen. 2. Monokotyledonen. S. Hirzel, Leipzig, pp.
*Die Lehre von der Pflanzenzelle. In: W. Hofmeister (ed.): Handbuch der Physiologischen Botanik I-1. 664 pp. W. Engelmann, Leipzig. 1867.
*Allgemeine Morphologie der Gewächse. In: W. Hofmeister (ed.): Handbuch der Physiologischen Botanik I-2. W. Engelmann, Leipzig. 1868.
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{{Reflist}}
[[Kategori:Kalairan 1824]]
[[Kategori:Kapatèn 1877]]
[[Kategori:Botanis Jerman]]
[[Kategori:Biologis Jerman]]
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