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Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik

Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik (APEC; /eɪpɛk/ AY-pek[1]) minangka forum antar-pamrentah kanggo 21 negara anggota ing Rim Pasifik sing nyengkuyung perdagangan bebas ing wilayah Asia-Pasifik.[2] Sawise sukses ing serangkaian konferensi pasca-menteri ASEAN sing diluncurake ing pertengahan 1980-an,[3] APEC diwiwiti ing taun 1989,[4] kanggo nanggepi ketergantungan ekonomi Asia-Pasifik lan tuwuh blok perdagangan regional ing bagean liyane ing donya; tujuane kanggo nggawe pasar anyar kanggo produk pertanian lan bahan baku sing ngluwihi Eropa.[5] Kantor pusat ing Singapura,[6] APEC diakoni minangka salah sawijining blok multilateral tingkat paling dhuwur lan forum paling tuwa ing wilayah Asia-Pasifik,,[7] lan menehi pengaruh global sing signifikan.[8][9][10][11]

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation  (Inggris)
Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik
Kantor PusatQueenstown, Singapura
GagragRapat ekonomi
Keanggotaan21 ekonomi
Leaders
• Ketua
Muhyiddin Yassin (2020)
• Direktur Eksekutif
Rebecca Fatima Santa Maria
Patetegadegan1989
Situs wèb
www.apec.org

Kepala pamrentah kabeh anggota APEC kajaba Republik China (sing diwakili pejabat tingkat menteri kanthi jeneng Cina Taipei minangka pimpinan ekonomi)[12] rawuh ing Rapat Pemimpin Ekonomi APEC tahunan. Lokasi rapat kasebut muter saben taun ing antarane para anggota ekonomi, lan sawijining tradhisi sing misuwur, sing diikuti kanggo puncak (nanging ora kabeh), kalebu pimpinan sing teka ing klambi nasional negara tuan rumah. APEC nduwe telung pengamat resmi: Asosiasi Sekretariat Negara Asia Tenggara, Dewan Kerja Sama Ekonomi Pasifik lan Sekretariat Forum Kepulauan Pasifik.[13] APEC's Host Economy of the Year dianggep bisa diundang ing Panggonan pisanan kanggo perwakilan geografis menyang rawuh G-20 rapat-rapat ing ngisor iki pedoman G-20. [14][15]

Ekonomi anggota

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APEC saiki duwe 21 anggota. Nanging, kriteria kanggo anggota yaiku anggota kasebut minangka ekonomi sing beda, lan dudu negara. Asile, APEC nggunakake istilah ekonomi anggota tinimbang negara-negara anggota kanggo ngrujuk marang para anggotane. Salah sawijining kriteria kasebut yaiku keanggotaan forum kalebu Taiwan (kanthi resmi Republik China, melu jeneng "Taipei Cina") bebarengan karo Republik Rakyat China, uga Hong Kong, sing lumebu APEC dadi koloni Inggris nanging saiki dadi Wilayah Administrasi Khusus Republik Rakyat China. APEC uga kalebu telung pengamat resmi: ASEAN, Forum Kepulauan Pasifik lan Dewan Kerja Sama Ekonomi Pasifik.[2]

Ekonomi anggota Jeneng sing digunakake ing APEC Tanggal digandhengake GDP (PPP) ing 2017
(Yuta Int$)
  Australia Australia November 1989 1,235,297
  Brunei Brunei Darussalam November 1989 32,958
  Kanadha Canada November 1989 1,763,785
  Indonesia Indonesia November 1989 3,242,966
  Jepang Japan November 1989 5,405,072
  Korea Kidul Republic of Korea November 1989 2,026,651
  Malaysia Malaysia November 1989 926,081
  Selandia Anyar New Zealand November 1989 185,748
  Filipina The Philippines November 1989 874,518
  Singapura Singapore November 1989 513,744
  Thailand Thailand November 1989 1,228,941
  Amerika Serikat The United States November 1989 19,362,129
  Taiwan Chinese Taipei November 1991 1,175,308
  Hong Kong Hong Kong, Cina November 1991 453,019
  Cina People's Republic of China November 1991 12,150,000
  Meksiko Mexico November 1993 2,406,087
  Papua Nugini Papua New Guinea November 1993 30,839
  Chili Chile November 1994 452,095
  Peru Peru November 1998 424,639
  Ruslan Russia November 1998 4,000,096
  Vietnam Viet Nam November 1998 643,902

Referensi

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  1. ↑ "What is APEC?". www.youtube.com. YouTube. Dibukak ing November 26, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b Member Economies – Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Apec.org. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  3. ↑ "PECC – Back to Canberra: Founding APEC". pecc.org. Dibukak ing 12 November 2017. ASEAN's series of post-ministerial consultations,launched in the mid-1980s, had demonstrated the feasibility and value of regular consultations among ministerial-level representatives of both developed and developing economies.
  4. ↑ "History". apec.org. The idea of APEC was firstly publicly broached by former Prime Minister of Australia Bob Hawke during a speech in Seoul, Korea, on 30 January 1969. Ten months later, 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra, Australia, to establish APEC.
  5. ↑ "Back to Canberra: Founding APEC".
  6. ↑ "What is APEC and what can it do for business?" (PDF). The APEC Secretariat is based in Singapore. The Secretariat is staffed by 20 diplomats seconded from APEC member economies and by 20 local staff. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)
  7. ↑ Chu, Shulong (1 February 2017). "The East Asia Summit: Looking for an Identity". Brookings. APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) is the oldest such forum and is generally recognized as the highest-level multilateral process in Asia-Pacific.
  8. ↑ "Achievements and Benefits". apec.org.
  9. ↑ "How Could The 2016 APEC Forum Affect The World Economy? – FXCM". FXCM Insights. 9 January 2017. Diarsip saka sing asli ing 16 September 2018. Dibukak ing 16 September 2018. The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum represents a potentially large-scale trade area that, when functioning in a concerted manner, could in the future work to shift the axis of global manufacturing and trade away from the North Atlantic–European region toward the Pacific. […] But the future of the bloc, which represents more than 50% of the world's GDP, may be in suspense.
  10. ↑ Parreñas, Julius Caesar (January 1998). "ASEAN and Asia‐Pacific economic cooperation". The Pacific Review. 11 (2): 233–248. doi:10.1080/09512749808719255.
  11. ↑ "What Context does the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum (APEC)Provide for Employment Relations?" (PDF). APEC represents the most dynamic economic region in the world, having generated nearly 70 per cent of global economic growth in its first 10 years […]. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)
  12. ↑ Conditions not right for APEC attendance: Ma. The China Post (27 August 2013). Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  13. ↑ "Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation -". apec.org. Dibukak ing 12 November 2017.
  14. ↑ "Archive copy". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2022-02-21. Dibukak ing 2020-11-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. ↑ "Deputy PM meets US State Secretary on G20 meeting sidelines – Embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the United States". vietnamembassy-usa.org. Dibukak ing 12 November 2017.
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