Éthiopia: Béda antara owahan

== Pulitik ==

{{utama|Pulitik Etiopia}}<!--Please add new information into relevant articles of the series-->

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'''Politics of Ethiopia''' takes place in a framework of a [[federation|federal]] [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[republic]], whereby the [[Prime Minister of Ethiopia|Prime Minister]] is the [[head of government]]. [[Executive power]] is exercised by the government. Federal [[legislative power]] is vested in both the [[government]] and the two chambers of parliament. The [[Judiciary]] is more or less independent of the executive and the legislature.

== Ekonomi ==

{{utama|Ekonomi Etiopia}}

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In 1972 and 1973, more than 200,000 people died in the Wallo famine. The Emperor Haile Selassie tried to hide the famine but university students revealed the drought to the world.<ref>[http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~tades20f/classweb/ethiopia/intro.htm Wallo Famine during Haile Sellasie reign]</ref> After the 1974 revolution, the economy of Ethiopia was run as [[Socialist economics|Command economy]]. Stronger state controls were implemented, and a large part of the economy was transferred to the public sector, including all agricultural land and urban rental property, and all financial institutions. The bad weather also continued to harm the agriculture sector. However since [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]] regime had bad relations with the West, the government hid the famine in the [[Tigray]] and [[Wallo]] regions causing the death of more than 250,000 Ethiopians. When the government finally allowed UN workers to witness the condition, one of the worst humanitarian crises of the decade was revealed. Together with a flawed relocation project and the Red Terror around 1,500,000 Ethiopians were killed under [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]].<ref>[http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/dictat.html Genocide of 1,500,000 Ethiopians during the DERG regime]</ref> Also six million people were affected by further famine before the EPRDF-led government overthrew the Derg regime.<ref>[http://www.aemfiethiopia.org/history.htm Six million people in famine under Mengistu]</ref> Since then, many economic reforms have been carried out. From mid-1991 onwards, the economy has evolved toward a decentralized, [[market economy|market-oriented economy]], emphasizing individual initiative, which was intended to reverse a decade of economic decline. In 1993, gradual privatization of business, industry, banking, agriculture, trade, and commerce was underway.

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== Pendidikan ==

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Education in Ethiopia has been dominated by the Orthodox Church for many centuries until secular education was adopted in the early 1900s. The elites, mostly Christians and central ethnic Amhara population, had the most privilege until 1974 when the government tried to reach the rural areas. The current system follows very similar school expansion schemes to the rural areas as the previous 1980s system with an addition of deeper regionalisation giving rural education in their own [[languages]] starting at the elementary level and with more budget allocated to the Education Sector. The sequence of general education in Ethiopia is six years of primary school, four years of lower secondary school and two years of higher secondary school.<ref># Damtew Teferra and Philip. G. Altbach, eds., ''African Higher Education: An International Reference Handbook'' Indiana University Press, 2003), pp. 316-325</ref>

Recently, archeologists uncovered the ruins of the legendary ancient [[Islamic]] kingdom of [[Shoa]], that included evidence of a large urban settlement as well as a large mosque.<ref>Hailu, Tesfaye. (2000). ''History and Culture of the Argobba: Recent Investigations'', In: Annale D'Éthiopie, 16, pp. 195–206, ISBN 2-86877-154-8</ref>

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* [[Daftar Nagara]]

* [[Daftar nagara miturut bawana]]