Robert Smalls

Robert Smalls (lair 5 April 1839 – pati 23 Fèbruari 1915 ing umur 75 taun) yaiku pengusaha, penerbit lan pulitikus asal Amerika Sarekat. Lair ing perbudakan ing Beaufort, Carolina Kidul, ia ngebebaske dirine dhewe, krune lan kaluwargane ing Perang Saudara Amerika kanthi ngakomandani kapal angkut Konfederasi, CSS Planter, ing pelabuhan Charleston, ing 13 Mei 1862, lan berlabuh saka perairan sing dikuasai Konfederasi menyang blokade AS sing ana ing cedhakne. Banjur kuwi, ia ia ngarahke kapal kasebut menyang enklave sing dikuasai pasukan Uni ing kawasan Beaufort-Port Royal-Hilton Head, sing endi kapal kasebut didadekake kapal perang pasukan Uni. Conto lan kewaniane nggawe Presiden Abraham Lincoln kanggo nrima para prajurit Afrika-Amerika ing Union Army.

Wacaan tambahan

Coker, P. C., III. Charleston's Maritime Heritage, 1670–1865: An Illustrated History. Charleston, S.C.: Coker-Craft, 1987. 314 pp.
Downing, David C. A South Divided: Portraits of Dissent in the Confederacy, Nashville: Cumberland House, 2007. ISBN 978-1-58182-587-9
Foner, Eric ed., Freedom's Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction Revised Edition. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996). ISBN 0-8071-2082-0. Between 1865 and 1876, about 2,000 blacks (including men of color or mixed race) held elective and appointive offices in the South. A few are relatively well-known, but most became obscure because official state histories prepared after Reconstruction omitted them; whites dominated state governments and suppressed the black population and its history. Foner profiles more than 1,500 black legislators, state officials, sheriffs, justices of the peace, and constables in this volume.
Gabridge, Patrick, Steering to Freedom (Penmore Press, 2015). ISBN 1942756224. Novel about Robert Smalls' life.
Kennedy, Robert F., Jr. Robert Smalls, the Boat Thief (New York: Hyperion, 2008). ISBN 1-4231-0802-7. A picture book illustrated by Patrick Faricy.
Rabinowitz, Howard N. Southern Black Leaders of the Reconstruction Era (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1982) ISBN 0-252-00929-0
Sterling, Dorothy. Captain of the "Planter": The Story of Robert Smalls (Doubleday & Co. Garden City, 1958)
Thomas, Rhondda R. & Ashton, Susanna, eds (2014). The South Carolina Roots of African American Thought, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. "Robert Smalls (1839–1915)," pp. 65–70.
Uya, Okon Edet, From Slavery to Public Service: Robert Smalls, 1839–1915 (Oxford University Press. New York, 1971)

Pranala jaba

Entry from the House of Representatives

Robert Smalls ing Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
Robert Smalls: Former Slave and Civil War Hero, Hagley Museum and Library
In the episode "The Wheel" Archived 2020-06-29 at the Wayback Machine. of the podcast The Memory Palace, published on February 10, 2016, Nate DiMeo tells the story of Robert Smalls.
Robert Smalls ing Find a Grave