Ropa vieja ( pangucap cara Spanyol: [ˈro.pa ˈβje.xa] ; "Sandhangan lawas") saiki dikenal minangka salah sawijining masakan nasional Kuba, nanging asalé saka Spanyol [1] lan misuwur ing wilayah liya ing Amérika Latin uga Filipina.

Panganan Kuba saka ropa vieja (stik abon ing basis saos tomat), kacang ireng, beras kuning, pisang raja lan yuca goreng karo bir.

Asal-usul sajian kasebut katon pisanan muncul ing antarane wong Yahudi Sephardic ing semenanjung Iberia, [2] [3] minangka godhok sing dimasak alon-alon sing disiapake kanggo dipangan sajrone Shabbat sing diamati sacara tradisional, sejenis cholent sing diarani " handrajos" (padha karo tembung Spanyol "andrajos") [4] . [5] [6] Pungkasane sajian iki nyebar menyang Afrika Lor lan Kapuloan Canary ing Spanyol. [7] [8]Piring kasebut dipercaya digawa menyang Amerika dening para imigran saka Kapuloan Canary lan pisanan dilapurake wis dimasak ing Kuba ing taun 1857 nanging saiki dikenal minangka sajian nasional Kuba.

[9] [10]

Variasi regional besut

  • Kapuloan Canary - Ropa vieja disedhiyakake karo kacang garbanzo lan kentang [10] [8] Sawetara versi sajian ing Canaries kalebu daging liyane kalebu pitik lan daging babi.[butuh sitiran][ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">kutipan dibutuhake</span> ]
  • Kolombia - sajian iki dikenal minangka "ropa vieja" lan "carne desmechada" lan asring disajikake karo sega, pisang goreng, utawa arepas . [11]
  • Kuba - ropa vieja kondhang minangka sajian nasional (paling asring disuguhake karo sega lan kacang ireng), nanging misuwur ora ana ing menu wong Kuba biasa kanggo sawetara wektu [7] nalika Periode Istimewa sajarah Kuba, sawisé tiba ing Uni Soviet. Nalika sawetara wong Kuba nggawe improvisasi, ngganti daging domba [12] utawa daging babi [13] kanggo daging sapi ing wektu iki (utawa ngupayakake khusus kanggo nggoleki daging sapi kanggo nggawe sajian) [14] sajian iki umume kasedhiya ing Kuba maneh, wiwit taun 2010 karo tekane saka paladares independen lan legal ing 2010. [12] Ropa vieja utamané misuwur ing kalangan komunitas Yahudi Kuba . [15] Ropa Vieja ing Kuba asring disuguhake karo sega congri lan pisang raja goreng . [16]
  • Ing Nikaragua sajian kasebut diarani carne desmenuzada, utawa ropa vieja . Iki digawe karo paprika ijo, bawang, bawang putih, uyah, saus Worcestershire, gula, lan mustar. Biasane disedhiyakake karo sega putih utawa bebarengan karo gallopinto (sajian nasional Nikaragua), lan keju goreng, pisang raja goreng utawa rebus. [17]
  • Ing Filipina ropa vieja kalebu kecap iwak lan disuguhake karo sega mlathi [7]
  • Spanyol - ropa vieja minangka sajian panganan sing tukang masak bakal nyiyapake turahan ing basis sofrito. [10] Chickpeas meh kalebu ing versi Spanyol saka sajian iki. [18]
  • Venezuela - Kaya tetanggan Kolombia, sajian kasebut diarani "ropa vieja" lan "carne desmechada." [19] Piring iki asring dadi ngisi arepas [20] uga masakan liyane, [21] lan umume disiapake nggunakake annatto herbal kanggo menehi warna sing luwih jero. [22] Ropa vieja uga misuwur minangka komponèn saka piring sing dikenal minangka Pabellón criollo . [22] [23]
  • Wilayah liyane - Sajian iki misuwur ing Honduras, [24] Puerto Rico, [25] [26] lan bagean liyane ing Amerika Latin, uga ing antarane komunitas imigran ing AS. [27] [28]

Referensi besut

  1. Sierra, Lisa & Tony "What is Ropa Vieja" The Spruce Eats (July 28, 2021). Accessed August 10, 2021.
  2. "The Ropa Vieja story: the National Dish of Cuba". Revolución de Cuba. June 23, 2015.
  3. "Ropa Vieja" Jewtina (March 12, 2020). Accessed August 12, 2021.
  4. "Historia de la ropa vieja" Radio Progreso (November 24) (Accessed Jan. 26, 2022)
  5. "Ropa Vieja: Celebrating Cuba's independence" Jirie Caribbean (May 5, 2021) Accessed August 12, 2021.
  6. Kaufman, Sheilah "Dafina (Moroccan cholent (Sabbath stew)" MyJewishLearning.com Accessed August 12, 2021.
  7. a b c Scott, Leah "A history of ropa vieja, one of Cuba's most famous and forbidden national dishes" WeAreMitu Archived 2021-11-17 at the Wayback Machine. (December 20, 2019) Accessed August 10, 2021.
  8. a b Guy, Jack "Ropa Vieja: How Cuba stole its national dish from the Canary Islands" (October 9, 2017) Accessed August 10, 2021.
  9. P, Neil (March 16, 2020). "History of Cuba's Famous Dish Ropa Vieja". Latin Post - Latin news, immigration, politics, culture.
  10. a b c Scott, Leah (December 20, 2019). "A History Of Ropa Vieja, One Of Cuba's Most Famous (And Forbidden) National Dishes". we are Mitú. 100% American & Latino. Diarsip saka sing asli ing November 17, 2021. Dibukak ing February 23, 2022.
  11. Dinho, Erica "Carne Desmechada o Ropa Vieja (Shredded Beef)" MyColmbianReipes.com Accessed August 10, 2021.
  12. a b Thorman, Kate "The fascinating story of Cuba's revolutionary cuisine" Afar (September 4, 2013) Accessed August 10, 2021.
  13. Bremzen, Anya Von "Pork Ripa Vieja with Raisins" Paladares: Recipes inspired by the private restaurants of Cuba" (2017, ISBN 978-1-4197-2703-0) p. 246-247
  14. Svarch, Malena "Even 1,300 miles from home, a young cook remembers Havana" Jewish Food Society (Oct. 19, 2018). Accessed August 12, 2021
  15. Eskenazi, Gerald "How Fidel Castro saved Cuba's only kosher butcher" The Forward (March 11, 2015). Accessed August 12, 2021.
  16. Llamas, Beatriz, "Ropa Vieja" A taste of Cuba (Interlink Books 2005), p. 51
  17. "Preparacion de la Carne desmenuzada Receta Original Nicaraguense". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2022-02-23. Dibukak ing 2022-02-23.
  18. Kemper, Benjamin "This Meaty Stew Recipe Is a Uniquely Satisfying Winter-Weekend Project " Wall Street Journal (February 18, 2021). Accessed August 12, 2021.
  19. López-Alt, J. Kenji "Ropa Vieja" "Ropa Vieja" New York Times Cooking (magazine)
  20. Ozimek, Sarah "Carne Mechada (Venezuealan Shredded Beef" Curious Cuiniere (March 20, 2021). Accessed August 10, 2021.
  21. "Recipe: Carne Mechada/Venezuelan Shredded/Pull Beef" Venezuelan Cooking (Dec. 7 2011). Accessed August 10, 2021.
  22. a b "VenezuelaTuya". Venezuela Tuya.
  23. CARTAY, Rafael (1998). "Elogio y nostalgia de la cocina venezolana". Caravelle (1988-). 71 (71): 53–65. doi:10.3406/carav.1998.2807. ISSN 1147-6753. JSTOR 40853493.
  24. "ropa vieja" BuenProvecho.hn Accessed August 10, 2021.
  25. "Ropa Vieja" The Sofritro Project (February 24, 2019). Accessed August 10, 2021
  26. L. C. Editors (March 2, 2021). "Puerto Rican-Style Ropa Vieja". Leite's Culinaria. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (pitulung)
  27. "Puerto Rican Style Ropa Vieja" LeitesCulinaria.com (March 2, 2021). Accessed August 10, 2021.
  28. Kratz, Elizabeth "Sender's to serve elevated Cuban fare at Pop-up on March 10" JewishLink (March 4, 2021). Accessed August 12, 2021.