Tabel ing ngisor iki nuduhaké cara International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) maca pocapan Basa Turki, Basa Azerbaijan lan Basa Turkmen ing artikel Wikipedia.
| Konsonan
|
| IPA |
Tuladha |
Padhanan ing Basa Inggris
|
 |
 |
|
| b |
b |
about
|
| d |
d |
ado
|
| dʒ |
c (Turkish/Azeri), j (Turkmen) |
dodge
|
| f
|
ɸ
|
f
|
food
|
| ɡ |
g[1] |
ago
|
| ɟ |
g[1] |
gear
|
| ɰ
|
ɣ
|
—
|
ğ
|
[2]
|
| ʝ |
ğ[2] |
[2]
|
| h [3] |
h |
home
|
| j |
y (Turkish/Azeri), ý (Turkmen) |
yet
|
| k
|
q
|
k (Turkish/Turkmen), q (Azeri)[1]
|
skill; (Azeri/Turkmen) k in the throat
|
| c [4]
|
k
|
k[1] |
ski
|
| l
|
l
|
lâle 'tulip'[1]
|
leaf
|
| ɫ
|
lala 'tutor'[1]
|
wool
|
| m |
m |
much
|
| n |
n |
not
|
| — |
ŋ |
ň (Turkmen) |
wing
|
| p |
p |
span
|
| ɾ |
r |
(US) ladder; Scottish r
|
| s
|
θ
|
s
|
sue; think
|
| ʃ |
ş |
shoe
|
| t |
t |
stable
|
| tʃ |
ç |
catch
|
| v [5]
|
β
|
v (Turkish/Azeri), w (Turkmen)
|
vase, how[5]; as Spanish lava
|
| —
|
x
|
x (Azeri), h (Turkmen)[4]
|
Bach
|
| z
|
ð
|
z
|
zone; then
|
| ʒ |
j (Turkish/Azeri), ž (Turkmen) |
beige
|
|
| Vowels
|
| IPA |
Examples |
English equivalent
|
| a
|
dal 'branch' |
Spanish or French a to English dull
|
| ɑ
|
Azərbaycan (Azeri) |
bra
|
| æ
|
Azərbaycan (Azeri) Äzerbeýjan (Turkmen) |
cat
|
| e
|
gelin 'bride' |
very
|
| i
|
dil 'tongue' |
between dill and deal
|
| o
|
yol 'way' |
old
|
| ø
|
gör 'to see' |
German ö
|
| u
|
uçak 'airplane' |
loot but shorter
|
| ɯ
|
ılık (Turkish/Azeri) 'mild' ylyk (Turkmen) |
rather like look
|
| y
|
güneş 'sun' |
German ü or French u
|
| Suprasegmentals
|
| IPA |
Examples
|
| ˈ
|
torbalı [torbaˈlɯ] 'with bag'
Torbalı [ˈtorbalɯ] (a place name)
[6]
|
| ː
|
â, û, ğ[2] |
âlem [aːlem] 'world'
|
|
- ↑ a b c d e f [c ~ k] (Turkish) / [c ~ q] (Azeri) / [k ~ q] (Turkmen), [ɟ ~ ɡ](Turkish/Azeri) / [ɡ ~ ʁ] (Turkmen), [l ~ ɫ] only contrast in loan words before <â, û> vs. <a, u>; in native words, [c/k, ɟ/ɡ, l] occur before the front vowels ([e], [i], [ø], [y]), while [k/q, ɡ, ɫ] occur before the back vowels ([a], [o], [u], [ɯ]).
- ↑ a b c d Between front vowels ([e], [i], [ø], [y]), ğ is similar to English y. Between back vowels ([a], [o], [u], [ɯ]), it is a very light [ɰ] sound, like Spanish trigo. Word-finally or before a consonant, it lengthens the preceding vowel.
- ↑ In Turkmen, [h] occurs before front vowels ([e], [i], [ø], [y]) while [x] occurs before back vowels ([a], [o], [u], [ɯ]).
- ↑ a b In many eastern Turkish/Azeri dialects, [c] at the end of a word or before a voiceless consonant may become [ç] as in huge.
- ↑ a b /v/ may be [w] after a vowel or in some loanwords.
- ↑ In Turkish proper, excepting certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses, proper nouns are typically stressed on the 2nd or 3rd last syllable, and other words on the last syllable.
