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Durum

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Durum gandum ( /ˈdjʊərəm/ ), uga disebut pasta gandum utawa gandum macaroni (Triticum durum utawa Triticum turgidum subsp. Durum), punika tetraploid spesies gandum . [3] Iku spesies paling lestarekake liya saka gandum sawise gandum umum, senajan nggantosi mung 5% kanggo 8% saka produksi gandum global. [4] Iki digawe kanthi pilihan gawean galur gandum emmer sing dijinengi biyen sing ditanam ing Eropa Tengah lan Timur Dekat udakara 7000 SM, sing ngembangake bentuk wuda, bebas-threshing . [5] Kaya dene emmer, gandum durum diwadhahi (nganggo bulu). Iki minangka gandum utama sing tuwuh ing Timur Tengah.

Durum
Durum wheat
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah e
Unrecognized taxon (fix): Triticum
Spésies: Template:Taxonomy/TriticumT. durum
Jeneng binomial
Triticum durum
Desf.
Sinonim[1]
Durum
Durum wheat
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Genus: Triticum
Species:
T. durum
Binomial name
Triticum durum

Synonyms[2]
List
  • Triticum accessorium Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum alatum Peterm.
  • Triticum algeriense Desf. ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch nom. inval.
  • Triticum bauhinii Lag.
  • Triticum brachystachyum Lag. ex Schult. & Schult.f. nom. inval.
  • Triticum candissimum Bayle-Bar.
  • Triticum caucasicum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum cevallos Lag.
  • Triticum cochleare Lag.
  • Triticum densiusculum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum fastuosum Lag.
  • Triticum hordeiforme Host
  • Triticum laxiusculum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum longisemineum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum maurorum Sennen nom. inval.
  • Triticum molle Roem. & Schult. nom. inval.
  • Triticum orientale Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum platystachyum Lag.
  • Triticum pruinosum Hornem.
  • Triticum pyramidale Percival
  • Triticum rarum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum rimpaui Mackey
  • Triticum siculum Roem. & Schult.
  • Triticum tanaiticum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum tiflisiense Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum tomentosum Bayle-Bar.
  • Triticum transcaucasicum Flaksb. nom. inval.
  • Triticum trevisium Desv. nom. inval.
  • Triticum venulosum Ser.
  • Triticum villosum Host

Durum ing basa Latin tegese "hard", lan spesies iki paling angel saka kabeh gandum. Iki nuduhake resistensi gandum kanggo panggilingan, khususe endosperma pati, tegese adonan sing digawe saka glepine lemah utawa "empuk". Iki nggawe durum disenengi kanggo semolina lan pasta lan kurang praktis kanggo glepung, sing mbutuhake luwih akeh gawean tinimbang karo heatsaploid kayata wheat roti umume . Sanajan kandungan protein sing akeh, durum dudu gandum sing kuwat amarga bisa menehi kekuatan adonan liwat jaringan gluten. Durum ngemot 27% lem basah sing bisa diekstrak, udakara 3% luwih dhuwur tinimbang gandum umum ( T. estivum L. ).

[6]

Rujukan

besut
  1. ↑ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 29 June 2019. Dibukak ing 28 August 2014.
  2. ↑ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species" Archived 2019-06-29 at the Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 28 August 2014.
  3. ↑ "Wheat". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2014-03-30.
  4. ↑ "Global durum wheat use trending upward". world-grain.com. Dibukak ing 21 March 2018.
  5. ↑ "Triticum (genus)". Biodiversity explorer. Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2008-10-10.
  6. ↑ "Characterization of proteins from grain of different bread and durum wheat genotypes". Int J Mol Sci. 12 (9): 5878–94. 2011. doi:10.3390/ijms12095878. PMC 3189758. PMID 22016634.
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