Persepolis

Sana Warisan Donya UNESCO
Persepolis
Janeng ing Pratélan Warisan Donya
Jinis	Budaya
Wewaton	i, iii, vi
Rujukan	114
Tlatah UNESCO	Asia-Pasifik
Sujarah prasasti
Prasasti	1979 (Sési ke-3)

Persepolis (pitulung·info) (Pèrsi Lama 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿 Pārsa Pèrsi: پارسه‎‎, Takht-e Jamshid Pèrsi: تخت جمشید‎‎ utawi Chehel Minar Pèrsi: چهل منار‎‎) inggih punika sawijining kutha krajan kuna saking Kamaharajan Pèrsi, dumunung 70 km timur laut Shiraz, Iran. Wonten ing basa Pèrsi kuna, kutha punika dipunsebut Parsa, ingkang ateges "Kutha Bangsa Pèrsi". Persepolis inggih punika pertalan saking basa Yunani saking nama kutha punika: Πέρσης πόλις (Persēs polis: "Kota Pèrsi"). Wonten ing basa Pèrsi, papan punika misuwur minangka Takht-e Jamshid (Tahta Jamshid) lan Parseh. Sisa paling wiwitan Persepolis asalipun antawis taun 515 SM.

Nalika taun 1979 UNESCO ndeklarasikaken kutha Persepolis minangka Situs Warisan Donya^[1].

Pambangunan

Lokasi Persepolis

Bukti arkéologi nedahaken bilih reruntuhan Persepolis ingkang paling awal asalipun antawis taun 515 SM. André Godard, sawijining arkeolog Perancis nalika awal 1930-an nedahaken bilih Cyrus Agung milih lokasi Persepolis, nanging Darius Agunglah ingkang yasa teras pelataran lan kompleks yasan istananipun.

Darius maréntahaken pambangunan Balai Apadana lan Balai Konsul (Tripylon utawi Balai Tiga Gerbang), ingkang dados yasan Perbendaharaan Kemaharajaan, sarta sapérangan yasan ing saklilingipun. Pambangunan punika saged dipunpungkasi nalika masa pamaréntahan putranipun, Raja Xerxes Agung. Pambangunan ingkang langkung wonten ing yasan lan teras terus dipunlajengaken dumugi masa keruntuhan Kamaharajan Akhemeniyah.^[2]

Panalitén Arkéologi

Odorico da Pordenone mampir ing Persepolis antawis taun 1320 wonten ing perjalanipun ing China. Nalika 1474, Giosafat Barbaro ngunjungi reruntuhan Persepolis lan kanthi keliru ngira bilih punika minangka reruntuhan kutha Yahudi.^[3] Antonio de Gouveia saking Portugal nyerat babagn prasasti cuneiform nalika kunjunganipun taun 1602. Lapuran kapasananipun babagan Pèrsi, Jornada, dipunterbitaken nalika 1606.

Penggalian ilmiah kapisanan ing Persepolis dipuntindakaken déning Ernst Herzfeld lan Erich F Schmidt makili Oriental Institute lan Universitas Chicago. Penggalian arkéologi dipuntindakaken dangunipun 8 mangsa, diounwiwiti taun 1930 lan nyakup situs-situs ing sakitaripun.^[4] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8]

Wiwit taun 1946, dokumén asli, cathetan, photo, sarta tembikar saking penggalian Persepolis déning Herzfeld, nalika 1923, 1928, lan antawis 1931 lan 1934 dipunsimpen ing Freer Gallery of Art, Institusi Smithsonian, ing Washington, DC.

Herzfeld pitados bilih pambangunan Persepolis gadhah ancas saperlu nyipatakaken "atmosfer" lan citra keagungan, minangka simbol kejayaan kemaharajaan Pèrsi, sarta minangka papan ngadani upacara lan karaméan mligi, utamanipun “Nowruz”. Minangka alesan historis, Persepolis dipunyasa ing tanah air dinasti Akhaemenid, éwadéné nalika punika boten dumunung pas wonten ing tengah jantung kemaharajaan.

Cathetan suku

↑ http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/114
↑ 2002. Guaitoli. M.T., & Rambaldi, S. Lost Cities from the Ancient World. White Star, spa. (2006 version published by Barnes & Noble. Darius I founded Persepolis in 500 BCE as the residence and ceremonial centre of his dynasty. p. 164
↑ Historical account of discoveries and travels in Asia, Hugh Murray, Edinburgh, A. Constable and Co; 1820., p.15 [1]
↑ [2] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Ernst E Herzfeld, A New Inscription of Xerxes from Persepolis, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, vol. 5, 1932
↑ [3] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis I: Structures, Reliefs, Inscriptions, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 68, 1953
↑ [4] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis II: Contents of the Treasury and Other Discoveries, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 69, 1957
↑ [5] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis III: The Royal Tombs and Other Monuments, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 70, 1970
↑ [6] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, The Treasury of Persepolis and Other Discoveries in the Homeland of the Achaemenians, Oriental Institute Communications, vol. 21, 1939

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[1] ttp://whc.unesco.org/en/list/114

[2] 2002. Guaitoli. M.T., & Rambaldi, S. Lost Cities from the Ancient World. White Star, spa. (2006 version published by Barnes & Noble. Darius I founded Persepolis in 500 BCE as the residence and ceremonial centre of his dynasty. p. 164

[3] Historical account of discoveries and travels in Asia, Hugh Murray, Edinburgh, A. Constable and Co; 1820., p.15 [1]

[4] [2] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Ernst E Herzfeld, A New Inscription of Xerxes from Persepolis, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, vol. 5, 1932

[5] [3] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis I: Structures, Reliefs, Inscriptions, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 68, 1953

[6] [4] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis II: Contents of the Treasury and Other Discoveries, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 69, 1957

[7] [5] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, Persepolis III: The Royal Tombs and Other Monuments, Oriental Institute Publications, vol. 70, 1970

[8] [6] Archived 2011-02-05 at the Wayback Machine. Erich F Schmidt, The Treasury of Persepolis and Other Discoveries in the Homeland of the Achaemenians, Oriental Institute Communications, vol. 21, 1939

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