Synapsida
Synapsids Kalamangsa: 320-100Ma. Descendant taxon Mammalia survives to present. | |
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Dimetrodon grandis skeleton at the National Museum of Natural History of U.S.A. | |
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah | |
Karajan: | Sato kéwan |
Filum: | Chordata |
Subfilum: | Vertebrata |
Infrafilum: | Gnathostomata |
Superklas: | Tetrapoda |
(Ora klebu) | Amniota |
Klas: | Synapsida Osborn, 1903 |
Orders & Suborders | |
For complete phylogeny, see text. | |
Sinonim | |
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Synapsida ('fused arch'), utawa theropsida ('rai kéwan'), kelas sato kéwan sing kalebu mamalia lan saliyané amniota urip liyané.[1] Anggota non-mamalia karan reptil mèmper mamalia sajeroning sistematika klasik,[2][3] nanging karan "mamalia batang" utawa "proto-mammalia" sajeroning terminologi cladistic.
TaksonomiBesut
ClassificationBesut
- Series Amniota
- CLASS SYNAPSIDA *
- Order Pelycosauria *
- Suborder Caseasauria
- Suborder Eupelycosauria *
- Family Varanopseidae
- Family Ophiacodontidae
- Family Edaphosauridae
- Family Sphenacodontidae *
- Order Therapsida *
- Suborder Biarmosuchia *
- Suborder Dinocephalia
- Suborder Anomodontia
- Suborder Gorgonopsia
- Suborder Therocephalia
- Suborder Cynodontia *
- Family Probainognathidae
- Superfamily Chiniquodontoidea *
- Order Pelycosauria *
- CLASS MAMMALIA
- CLASS SYNAPSIDA *
FilogeniBesut
Synapsida |
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CathetanBesut
RéferènsiBesut
- Benton, Michael J. (2005). Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. ISBN 0-632-05637-1.
- Bramble, D. M. (1993). "Mammalian locomotor-respiratory integration: Implications for diaphragmatic and pulmonary design". Science. 262 (5131): 235–240. doi:10.1126/science.8211141. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (pitulung) - Carroll, Robert L. (1988). Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co. ISBN 0-7167-1822-7.
- Hopson, James A. (1987). "The Mammal-Like Reptiles: A Study of Transitional Fossils". The American Biology Teacher. 49 (1): 16–26.
- Hoyt, Donald F. (1997). Synapsid Reptiles. Zoo 138 Vertebrate Zoology Home Page.
- Lambert, David (2001). Dinosaur Encyclopedia. ISBN 0-7894-7935-4.
- Laurin, Michel, and Robert R. Reisz (2007). Synapsida: Mammals and their extinct relatives. Version 6 April 2007. The Tree of Life Web Project.
WacanBesut
- Colbert, E. H. (1969). Evolution of the Vertebrates (2nd ed. ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. ISBN 0471164666.CS1 dandani: tèks keluwihen (link)
Uga delengenBesut
- Anapsida
- Diapsida
- Euryapsida
- Pratélan synapsida
- Klasifikasi mamalia
- Mamalia prasajarah
- Paleontology Vertebrata
- Garis waktu evolusi
Wikispecies duwé tetélan sing gegayutan: Synapsida |
Pranala njabaBesut
- Synapsida - Pelycosauria-at Palaeos
- Transitional Vertebrate Fossils-includes description of important transitional genera in the evolutionary sequence linking primitive synapsids to mammals