Manuk

Manuk; Kalamangsa: ; Kapur Ahir – saiki, 72–0 Ma PraЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah
Karajan:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Klad:	Euornithes
Klad:	Ornithuromorpha
Klad:	Ornithurae
Klas:	Aves ; Linnaeus, 1758
Klad urip
	Palaeognathae; Neognathae Pangalloanserae; Neoaves; ;

Manuk utawa Peksi iku anggota golongan kéwan kanthi balung mburi (vertebrata) kang nduwé wulu lan swiwi. Fosil manuk tuwa dhéwé tinemu ing Jérman lan ditepungi minangka Archeopteryx.

Kladogram manuk kuna kanggo 2020:

Anchiornithidae

Xiaotingia

	Aurornis

	Eosinopteryx

	Anchiornis

	Apsaravis

	Ornithurae

Jinis-jinis manuk manéka variasiné, wiwit saka manuk kolibri kang cilik menthik nganti manuk unta, kang luwih dhuwur tinimbang wong. Diprakirakaké ana watara 8.800 – 10.200 spésiès manuk ing saindhenging donya; watara 1.500 jinis ing antarané tinemu ing Indonésia. Manéka jinis manuk iki kanthi èlmiah digolongaké sajeroning kelas Aves.

Kladogram kabeh pesenan manuk:

	†Lithornithiformes

	Tinamiformes

Novaeratitae

Casuariiformes

	Apterygiformes

	†Aepyornithiformes

	†Gastornithiformes

	Anseriformes

Neoaves

Columbea

Mirandornithes

	Phoenicopteriformes

	Podicipediformes

Columbimorphae

Columbiformes

	Mesitornithiformes

	Pteroclidiformes

	Aegotheliformes

	Apodiformes

Otidimorphae

Cuculiformes

	Otidiformes

	Musophagiformes

Opisthocomiformes

Cursorimorphae

	Gruiformes

	Charadriiformes

Aequornithes

Gaviiformes

Austrodyptornithes

	Procellariiformes

	Sphenisciformes

Ciconiiformes

	Suliformes

	Pelecaniformes

Phaethontimorphae

	Eurypygiformes

	Phaethontiformes

Telluraves

Afroaves

Accipitrimorphae

	Cathartiformes

	Accipitriformes

	Coraciformes

	Piciformes

	Psittaciformes

	Passeriformes

Manéka jinis manuk

Pranala njaba

Avibase - The World Bird Database Archived 2008-10-20 at the Wayback Machine.
Bird Hybrids Database
BirdLife International - organisasi panglestari manuk sadonya

↑ Field, Daniel J.; Benito, Juan; Chen, Albert; Jagt, John W. M.; Ksepka, Daniel T. (March 2020). "Late Cretaceous neornithine from Europe illuminates the origins of crown birds". Nature. 579 (7799): 397–401. Bibcode:2020Natur.579..397F. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2096-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 32188952. S2CID 212937591.
↑ De Pietri, Vanesa L.; Scofield, R. Paul; Zelenkov, Nikita; Boles, Walter E.; Worthy, Trevor H. (February 2016). "The unexpected survival of an ancient lineage of anseriform birds into the Neogene of Australia: the youngest record of Presbyornithidae". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (2): 150635. Bibcode:2016RSOS....350635D. doi:10.1098/rsos.150635. PMC 4785986. PMID 26998335.

[Field2020-1] Field, Daniel J.; Benito, Juan; Chen, Albert; Jagt, John W. M.; Ksepka, Daniel T. (March 2020). "Late Cretaceous neornithine from Europe illuminates the origins of crown birds". Nature. 579 (7799): 397–401. Bibcode:2020Natur.579..397F. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2096-0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 32188952. S2CID 212937591.

[DePietriWilaru-2] De Pietri, Vanesa L.; Scofield, R. Paul; Zelenkov, Nikita; Boles, Walter E.; Worthy, Trevor H. (February 2016). "The unexpected survival of an ancient lineage of anseriform birds into the Neogene of Australia: the youngest record of Presbyornithidae". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (2): 150635. Bibcode:2016RSOS....350635D. doi:10.1098/rsos.150635. PMC 4785986. PMID 26998335.

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