Pérsi atawa Pèrsi, Parsi, Farsi, Persia ya iku salah siji bebrayan kang kegolong bangsa Iran. Kabudayan wong Pérsi uga ana gayutané karo suku-bebrayan Iran séjéné. Wong lan kebudayan Pérsi iki ngupai pengaruhé ning nagara-nagara sekubangané Iran, kaya déné Turki, Irak, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Turkménistan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, lan India[13].

Persian Speakers (Persians)
Gunggung cacah jiwa
ca. 55 million
Tlatah mawa cacah jiwa akèh
 Pakistan
    (suggestive estimates)
1,377,000
2,000,000
 Ruslan170,000[1][2]
 Jerman200,000
 Qatar160,000[3]
 Amérika Sarékat743,000
 Kirgizstan47,500[4]
 Tiongkok41,028[5]
 Kanadha173,760
 United Arab Emirates400,000[6]
 Karajan Manunggal275,000 + 24,330[7]
 Israèl135,000[8]
 Prancis62,000[2]
 Indhi60,000[2]
 Bahrain48,000[9]
 Nèderlan38,000[2]
 Oman25,000[3]
 Ostrali22,550 + 19,200 Hazara[10]
 Grikenlan20,000[2]
 Kuwait20,000[2]
 Koréa Kidul,
 Jepang,
 Filipina
50,000[2]
 Swèdhen15,000[2]
 Turki31,394[11]
 Niu Sélan10,000
 Bèlgi6,000[2]
 Nurwègen6,000[2]
 Itali5,910[12]
 Afrika Kidul5,000[2]
 Finlan2,000[2]
Agama
Islam (Shi'a Twelver), (Sunni Hanafi) and Ismaili, Bahai, Christianity, Yudaisme dan Zoroastrianisme

Sajarah besut

Bangsa Pérsi iki turunané bangsa Arya kang ijrah atawa ngalih kang Asia Tengah marang Iran ning waktu sedurungé Maséhi. Bangsa Médian lan Parthia ya iku bangsa sadulur Pérsia kang wis ana nalika jaman Iran kuna lan uga ngadegaken karajan gedé ning Iran kuna. Wewengkon Pérsi kuna iku amba nemen, lewih amba kang Iran sekién kang sekien dadi daérah Asia Tengah, Irak, Turki, Azebaijan, lan sekitaré. Ning jaman Pérsi kuna (pra-Islam), wong Pérsi wis ana karajan déwék ya iku Akhaemenid, Parthia lan Sasaniya. Nalika Pérsia agamaé Islam, uga karajan-karajan Pérsia Islam ya iku Safafid lan Qajar nganti taun 1970an. Sekién wewengkon Pérsi diarani Iran[13][14].

Agama besut

Nalika jaman Pérsi kuna, wong Pérsi akèh nganut agama Zoroaster ning karajan Akhaemenid lan Sasania[14][15][16]. Nganti akhiré Karajan Sasaniya kalah karo pasuka Islam Arab kang kabawah klhalifah Rasyidin lan ana akèh perang karo karajan tanggané (Bizantin). Ning jaman Islam nalika iku, Zoroaster uga karan Majusi. Nganti sekién masih ana penganut agama iku nanging cacahé setitik lan nyebar ning nagara-nagara donya kaya déné India lan Ruslan. Sekién, wong Pérsi akèh nganut agama Syi'ah, ana uga kang nganut Islam Sunni lan Kristen[16].

Basa besut

Basa Pérsi kegolong basa Indo-Éropa lan manjing kelompok basa-basa Iran. Basa iki kelanjutané kang Basa Pérsi kuna ditulis nganggo huruf kang dhapuré kaya paku lan basa Pérsi tengah kang ditulis kanggo huruf Pahlavi. Basa Pérsi modern dadi basa resmi ning telung nagara ya iku Iran, Afghanistan, lan Tajikistan. Sebutané basa Pérsi ning saban nagara kesebut séjén-séjén, ya iku

Uga ana kelompok-kelompok sukubangsa kang nuturaken basa dialék Pérsia, ya iku:

  • Hazaragi ning Afghanistan
  • Aimaq ning Afghanistan
  • Yahudi Bukhoro atawa Yahudi Tajik ning Israèl
  • Dehwari ning Pakistan
  • Dzhidi (Yahudi Pérsi) ning Israél
  • Pahlavani ning Afghanistan[18]

Rujukan besut

  1. "2002 Russian census". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2011-08-07. Dibukak ing 2017-07-06.
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k l The Persian Diaspora, List of Persians and Persian Speaking Peoples living outside of Iran, Worldwide Outreach to Persians, Outreach to Muslims around the Globe
  3. a b Ethnologue report for language code:pes
  4. "Ethnic composition of the population in Kyrgyzstan 1999-2007" (PDF). Diarsip saka sing asli (PDF) ing 2013-11-13. Dibukak ing 2017-07-06.
  5. "Archive copy". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2012-03-21. Dibukak ing 2017-07-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. Travel Video Television News - Iranians investing heavily in Dubai
  7. "Tension and Transformation" in Move Magazine, Autumn 2005
  8. Jews, by country of origin and age
  9. Ethnologue 14 report for Bahrain
  10. 2054.0 Australian Census Analytic Program: Australians' Ancestries (2001 (Corrigendum))
  11. Number Of Foreigners Living In Turkey
  12. http://www.caritasroma.it/Prima%20pagina/Download/Dossier2006/scheda%20di%20sintesi%202006.pdf
  13. a b Koutlaki, Sofia A. (2010). Among The Iranians: A Guide to Iran's Culture and Customs. USA: Intercultural Press. kc. 2–4. ISBN 978-1-931930-90-1.
  14. a b Skjærvø, Prods Oktor (2006). Introduction to Zoroastrianism. Iran: Early Iranian Civilizations 102 (Divinity School no. 3663a). kc. 3–7.
  15. Hartz, Paula R. (2009). World Religion: Zoroastrianism (Third Edition). New York: Infobase Publishing. kc. 8–15.
  16. a b Gleave, Robert (2005). Religion and Society in Qajar Iran. New York: Routledge Curzon. kc. 1–15. ISBN 0-203-33737-9.
  17. Perry, John R. (2005). A Tajik Persian Reference Grammar. Leiden-Boston: Brill. kc. 1–6.
  18. "Persian". Dibukak ing 13 Sèptèmber 2017.